prophet of new India Raja Ram Mohan Roy write a essay of 500 words (not more than that)on him
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One of the greatest social and religious reformers of India, Raja Ram Mohan Roy was born on 22 May 1772. He was instrumental in having the administration ban the practice of Sati. Ram Mohan Roy was born in Radhanagar in the Hooghly District of Bengal Presidency to Ramkanta and Tarinidevi. Roy started his education in the village school where he studied Bengali, some Sanskrit and Persian. He also studied Arabic from a Madrasa. He was also sent to Benares from where he studied the Hindu scriptures including the Vedas and the Upanishads. Apart from English, he was also well-versed in many other European languages including Greek and Latin. Roy’s greatest contribution to the modern Hindu religion is the revival of the ancient scriptures and the Vedanta philosophy. He also translated early Hindu scriptures into English. Roy was employed with the East Indian Company from 1803 to 1815. English missionary William Carey was his friend. He acquainted himself with the Bible and other Christian texts. He also worked as a Pundit in the courts as an interpreter of Hindu law. He also served as a moneylender to Englishmen in Bengal. He founded the Brahmo Samaj in 1828 along with Debendranath Tagore. Brahmoism began as a monotheistic reformist movement of Hinduism. Roy advocated the existence and worship of the one supreme god. He was influenced by the Christian and Islamic religions in this regard. He also preached that God could be worshiped anywhere and anytime.
Apart from religious reforms, Roy and the Brahmo Samaj also brought about social reforms. He fought against the caste system, sati, child marriage, polygamy, illiteracy, infanticide, etc.
He also demanded more rights for women, including the right to inherit property.
Roy wanted to make Hinduism more acceptable to the west, and for this, he rightly expounded the view that the prevalent social evils in Hindu society had nothing to do with the ancient scriptures and were in fact not sanctioned by them.
He, along with David Hare, established the Hindu College at Calcutta. He also established many other schools and educational institutions. He supported the incorporation of western education into Indian schools.
He started many journals, the most popular one being the Sambad Kaumudi.
The practice of Sati was prevalent in Bengal and some other regions of northern India. He successfully campaigned against this practice of widow burning. He showed that this heinous practice did not have any Vedic sanction.
After witnessing his own sister-in-law being burnt alive after his brother’s death, he started his fight against sati in 1812.
Lord William Bentinck became the Governor-General of India in 1828. He passed the law banning sati throughout the company’s possessions in the subcontinent on 4th December 1829. Sati Regulation XVII A. D. 1829 of the Bengal Code made it illegal and punishable to practice sati in the Company’s jurisdictions in India. Today, Roy is best remembered for his campaign against sati.
Roy was awarded the title ‘Raja’ by the Mughal Emperor Akbar Shah II. Roy visited England as Shah’s ambassador. There, he succumbed to meningitis and died on 27th September 1833. He was buried in England.
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RAJA RAM MOHAN ROY
Raja Ram Mohan Roy was born on 22nd May 1772 in Radhanagar in Bengal. From his very childhood he was keenly interested in studies. He was also highly interested in learning of languages, and, as he grew, he became a master of language.
He knew Sanskrit, Persian, Arabic, English, Greek and Latin, all classic languages. He did not only have a simple working knowledge of these languages but, he also went much deeper into the essences of all these languages and studied the Literature of each of these classical languages. He was also an expert on Hindu philosophy and had read the Vedas and the Upanishads.
After acquiring so much of knowledge he rose to be a social reformer, seeing some of the social injustices among the Hindus of those times. He was the first one to raise his head against the barbaric practice of ‘Sati’. This ‘Sati’ was a practice in which, according to tradition, the wife was to be put with her dead husband on the burning pyre, and the corpse of the husband would burn with the wife alive put with him.
He mobilised a strong revolt against thisprocess, and finally did succeed to a great extent in getting the systems of ‘Sati’ abolished. He saw to it that the British Government passed a law against the system of ‘Sati’.
In the matter of religion, Raja Ram Mohan Roy believed that, there was only one God. He was the founder of the institution of the Brahma Samaj. The followers of this samaj worshipped the God Brahma the god of creation. He did not have any faith or belief in the several Gods and Goddesses of the Indian pantheon.
Raja Ram Mohan Roy was a man who was also politically motivated many a time he complained to the King of England regarding the injustices being meted out to Indians by the British here. When he saw that all his complaints to the British Crown were falling on deaf ears, he went personally to meet the King. He sought a personal meeting with the King of England through some of his friends there in England.
As for his views on education, Raja Ram Mohan Roy was unique in as much as in those days, he was the one who was interested in the study of the English language.
This was because he knew that the Indians studying in English would be the only ones who would be able to acquire the full knowledge of Science and Technology, as, all books of these advanced studies were in this language. If we could encourage the study of English, he thought that the Indian children could also be able to study till the same level as any of the other children of the world.
This he thought, would in turn, lead to a rise in the standards of technical knowledge of Indians, and they would be able to compete with any others in the world. In order to achieve his objective of educating Indian children in the English language, Raja Ram Mohan Roy even established a few English medium schools in India.
With this multifaceted character of Raja Ram Mohan Roy we can assess his personality, capabilities and achievements in variety of fields. He was a linguist, a social worker, a patriot, an educationist and, above all, a visionary, who could see the future to come.