Question

pteridophyes full explanation 11​

Answer 1

Answer:

Pteridophytes are the first true land  

plants with xylem and phloem. Hence, they  

are called vascular cryptogams. The main  

plant body is differentiated into true root,  

stem and leaves.

Pteridophytes also exhibit alternation  

of generation. The diploid sporophytic phase  

alternates with the haploid gametophytic phase.  

Sporophyte is the dominant phase. Sporophytes  

reproduce by means of spores. Spores are  

produced in sporangium. The sporangia  

bearing leaves are called sporophyll. Most of  

the plants produce only one type of spore either  

microspore or megaspore (homosporous). In  

some plants both microspore and megaspore  

are produced (heterosporous).  

Spores give rise to gametophytic generation  

called prothallus, which is short lived and  

independent. The gametophytes produce  

the multicellular sex organs, antheridium  

which produces antherozoid (male gamete)  

and archegonium which contains an egg  

(female gamete). The antherozoid fertilizes  

with egg and form diploid zygote. It develops  

into an embryo which is differentiated into  

sporophyte.

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