Question

Pteridophyta characteristics and examples with extra information

Answer 1

1) In this group, the plant body is differentiates into roots, stem and leaves.
2) They have specialised tissue for conduction of water and other substances from one part to another part of plant body.
3) Pteridophyta have naked embryos that are called spores.
4) The reproductive organ of these plants are called cryptogamae.

some examples are marselia, ferns and horse-tails.

This group is further classified, based on whether the seeds are naked or enclosed in fruits, giving us two groups; gymnosperms and angiosperms.

Answer 2

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➧Subkingdom Cryptogamae divided into three groups:-▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃▃⤵

❶❫ Thallophyta:-        ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬☟

①❭ Plants body remains in the form of Undifferentiated.

②❭ Vascular System is Absent.

③❭ Mode of nutrition is Phototrophic & Autotrophic.

④❭ Reproduction is both Sexual & Asexual.

⑤❭ Asexual reproduction takes place by Spore formation.

⑥❭ Fertilization is not followed by Embryo formation.

▶Ex:- Spirogyra, Ulva, Fucus, Volvax & Chara

❷❫ Bryophyta:-     ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬☟

①❭ Plant body is not differentiated into true roots, steam & leaves.

②❭ Non-vascular plant are not developed.

③❭ Fixation by rhzoids.

④❭ Gametophyte are the main plant.

⑤❭ They are the first & Simplest land plants.

⑥❭ Water is required for fertilization.

▶Ex:- Funaria, Riccia, Anthoceros, Notothylus & Sphagnum

❸❫ Pteridophyta:-     ▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬▬☟

①❭ Plant body is differentiated into true roots, steam & leaves.

②❭ Vascular plant are developed.

③❭ Fixation by roots.

④❭ Sporophyte are the main plant.

⑤❭ They are the first truly Terrestrial & vascular cryptogams.

⑥❭ Water is needed for fertilization.

▶Ex:- Azolla, Dryopteris, Marsilea, Lycopodium & Equisetum

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