public awareness for heart disease
Answers
Answer:
Explanation:Up to 90% of cardiovascular disease may be preventable if established risk factors are avoided.[5][82] Currently practiced measures to prevent cardiovascular disease include:
Tobacco cessation and avoidance of second-hand smoke.[83] Smoking cessation reduces risk by about 35%.[84]
A low-fat, low-sugar, high-fiber diet including whole grains and fruit and vegetables.[83][85][86] Dietary interventions are effective in reducing cardiovascular risk factors over a year, but the longer term effects of such interventions and their impact on cardiovascular disease events is uncertain.[87]
At least 150 minutes (2 hours and 30 minutes) of moderate exercise per week.[88][89]
Limit alcohol consumption to the recommended daily limits;[83] People who moderately consume alcoholic drinks have a 25–30% lower risk of cardiovascular disease.[90][91] However, people who are genetically predisposed to consume less alcohol have lower rates of cardiovascular disease[92] suggesting that alcohol itself may not be protective. Excessive alcohol intake increases the risk of cardiovascular disease[93][91] and consumption of alcohol is associated with increased risk of a cardiovascular event in the day following consumption.[91]
Lower blood pressure, if elevated. A 10 mmHg reduction in blood pressure reduces risk by about 20%.[94]
Decrease non-HDL cholesterol.[95][96] Statin treatment reduces cardiovascular mortality by about 31%.[97]
Decrease body fat if overweight or obese.[98] The effect of weight loss is often difficult to distinguish from dietary change, and evidence on weight reducing diets is limited.[99] In observational studies of people with severe obesity, weight loss following bariatric surgery is associated with a 46% reduction in cardiovascular risk.[100]
Decrease psychosocial stress.[101] This measure may be complicated by imprecise definitions of what constitute psychosocial interventions.[102] Mental stress–induced myocardial ischemia is associated with an increased risk of heart problems in those with previous heart disease.[103] Severe emotional and physical stress leads to a form of heart dysfunction known as Takotsubo syndrome in some people.[104] Stress, however, plays a relatively minor role in hypertension.[105] Specific relaxation therapies are of unclear benefit.[106][107]