Question

Q.1.

a. Name the category of microbes occurring naturally in sewage and making

it less polluted during the treatment.

b. Explain the different steps involved in the secondary treatment of sewage.​

Answer 1

Answer:

a) The two categories of naturally occurring microbes present in sewage are bacteria and fungi. The bacteria along with the fungal mycelia form flocks which are utilized during the secondary treatment of sewage.

b)Primary effluent is passed into large aeration tanks with constant mechanical agitation and air supply. Useful aerobic microbes grow rapidly and form flocs. Flocs while growing consume organic matter and thus reduce the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), the effluent is passed into settling tank.

Answer 2

Explanation:

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(ᴀ) ᴀᴇʀᴏʙɪᴄ ᴍɪᴄʀᴏʙᴇs

(ʙ) sᴇᴄᴏɴᴅᴀʀʏ ᴛʀᴇᴀᴛᴍᴇɴᴛ ᴏʀ ʙɪᴏʟᴏɢɪᴄᴀʟ ᴛʀᴇᴀᴛᴍᴇɴᴛ

• ᴘʀɪᴍᴀʀʏ ᴇғғʟᴜᴇɴᴛ ɪs ᴘᴀssᴇᴅ ɪɴᴛᴏ ʟᴀʀɢᴇ ᴀᴇʀᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴛᴀɴᴋs ᴡɪᴛʜ ᴄᴏɴsᴛᴀɴᴛ ᴍᴇᴄʜᴀɴɪᴄᴀʟ ᴀɢɪᴛᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴀɴᴅ ᴀɪʀ sᴜᴘᴘʟʏ.

• ᴜsᴇғᴜʟ ᴀᴇʀᴏʙɪᴄ ᴍɪᴄʀᴏʙᴇs ɢʀᴏᴡ ʀᴀᴘɪᴅʟʏ ᴀɴᴅ ғᴏʀᴍ ғʟᴏᴄs.

• ғʟᴏᴄs ᴀʀᴇ ᴍᴀssᴇs ᴏғ ʙᴀᴄᴛᴇʀɪᴀ ᴀssᴏᴄɪᴀᴛᴇᴅ ᴡɪᴛʜ ғᴜɴɢᴀʟ ғɪʟᴀᴍᴇɴᴛs ᴛᴏ ғᴏʀᴍ ᴍᴇsʜ-ʟɪᴋᴇ sᴛʀᴜᴄᴛᴜʀᴇs.

• ᴛʜᴇ ɢʀᴏᴡɪɴɢ ᴍɪᴄʀᴏʙᴇs ᴄᴏɴsᴜᴍᴇ ᴏʀɢᴀɴɪᴄ ᴍᴀᴛᴛᴇʀ ᴀɴᴅ ᴛʜᴜs ʀᴇᴅᴜᴄᴇ ᴛʜᴇ ʙɪᴏᴄʜᴇᴍɪᴄᴀʟ ᴏxʏɢᴇɴ ᴅᴇᴍᴀɴᴅ (ʙᴏᴅ).

• ᴡʜᴇɴ ʙᴏᴅ ᴏғ sᴇᴡᴀɢᴇ ʜᴀs ʀᴇᴅᴜᴄᴇᴅ, ᴛʜᴇ ᴇғғʟᴜᴇɴᴛ ɪs ᴘᴀssᴇᴅ ɪɴᴛᴏ sᴇᴛᴛʟɪɴɢ ᴛᴀɴᴋ.

• ʜᴇʀᴇ, ᴛʜᴇ ʙᴀᴄᴛᴇʀɪᴀʟ ғʟᴏᴄs sᴇᴛᴛʟᴇ ᴀɴᴅ ᴛʜᴇ sᴇᴅɪᴍᴇɴᴛ ɪs ᴄᴀʟʟᴇᴅ ᴀᴄᴛɪᴠᴀᴛᴇᴅ sʟᴜᴅɢᴇ.

• ᴀ sᴍᴀʟʟ ᴘᴀʀᴛ ᴏғ ᴛʜᴇ sʟᴜᴅɢᴇ ɪs ᴜsᴇᴅ ᴀs ᴀɴ ɪɴᴏᴄᴜʟᴜᴍ ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴀᴇʀᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴛᴀɴᴋ ᴀɴᴅ ᴛʜᴇ ʀᴇᴍᴀɪɴɪɴɢ ᴘᴀʀᴛ ɪs ᴘᴀssᴇᴅ ɪɴᴛᴏ ʟᴀʀɢᴇ ᴛᴀɴᴋs ᴄᴀʟʟᴇᴅ ᴀɴᴀᴇʀᴏʙɪᴄ sʟᴜᴅɢᴇ ᴅɪɢᴇsᴛᴇʀs.

• ɪɴ ᴛʜᴇ ᴅɪɢᴇsᴛᴇʀs, ʜᴇᴛᴇʀᴏᴛʀᴏᴘʜɪᴄ ᴍɪᴄʀᴏʙᴇs ᴀɴᴀᴇʀᴏʙɪᴄᴀʟʟʏ ᴅɪɢᴇsᴛ ʙᴀᴄᴛᴇʀɪᴀ ᴀɴᴅ ғᴜɴɢɪ ɪɴ sʟᴜᴅɢᴇ ᴘʀᴏᴅᴜᴄɪɴɢ ᴍɪxᴛᴜʀᴇ ᴏғ ɢᴀsᴇs sᴜᴄʜ ᴀs ᴍᴇᴛʜᴀɴᴇ, ʜʏᴅʀᴏɢᴇɴ sᴜʟᴘʜɪᴅᴇ ᴀɴᴅ ᴄᴏ2 ᴡʜɪᴄʜ ғᴏʀᴍ ᴛʜᴇ ʙɪᴏɢᴀs.

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