Question

Q.1 How can waste management add to the GDP of a country? ( 2 marks ) 
Q.2 How extended producer responsibility can play a vital role in solid waste management? ( 3 marks ) 
Q.3 What do you underatand by the term composting and incineration related to solid waste? What are the benefits of bioreactor technology while managing solid waste? ( 5 marks )

Answer 1

Waste management is of vital importance in economies of the modern world, as it can boost the GDP of the country. Take for example, non-biodegradable plastic waste. If we are able to recycle such waste we would not only be making the environment more friendly, but would be beefing up our GDP.
Producers of solid waste have a very big responsibility and can play a vital role in not only cleaning up the environment but adding to the bottom-line of the Organisation. A case in point is the dense petroleum refinery effluent in India. Earlier, it would be made to flow out into the rivers. But, today, sulphur recovery is done from this 'waste' and sold in the market. Hospitals generate a lot of waste too; today, as per stipulated norms, it is binding upon them to manage their waste properly.
Composting is the creation of plant feeds or manure, which is organic in nature, from human and animal waste. Today, a few companies in India have tied up with municipalities to recycle the waste dumped by them. Incineration is the process of burning solid waste. Bioreactors, more specifically membrane bioreactors, are used for wastewater treatment and reuse; just as the water is purified and can be reused by the application of this technology, so also can the solid waste be arrested by the membranes and, in some cases, used in one way or the other.   

Answer 2

1.)Waste management is of vital importance in economies of the modern world, as it can boost the GDP of the country. Take for example, non-biodegradable plastic waste. If we are able to recycle such waste we would not only be making the environment more friendly, but would be beefing up our GDP.

2.)According to the new rules, all waste generators now have to start segregating their waste into biodegradable, non-biodegradable and hazardous waste at source itself. Garden waste has to be stored separately, and resident welfare associations, gated communities and restaurants should treat biodegradable waste, through composting or bio-methanation, within premises as much as possible. Waste generators have also been mandated to pay user fees for solid waste management.

3.)The process of natural decomposition is very important to one type of waste disposal. Composting is a form of waste disposal where organic waste decomposes naturally under oxygen-rich conditions. Although all waste will eventually decompose, only certain waste items are considered compostable and should be added to compost containers. Food waste, such as banana peels, coffee grinds and eggshells, are great items to compost. Adding meat products to compost should be avoided because as it decomposes, it will attract large animals and will smell very badly

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