Question

Q.1. What process in plants is known as transpiration ?

Q. 2. What is transported by lymph?

Q.3. Name the component of blood which transport:
(i) Food, carbon dioxide and nitrogenous wastes
(ü) Oxygen

Q.4. Why do Veins have thin walls as compared to arteries?

Q.5. Differentiate between blood and Lymph.

Q. 6. Write three points of differences between artery and vein ​

Answer 1

Explanation:

Transpiration is the process of water movement through a plant and its evaporation from aerial parts, such as leaves, stems and flowers. ... Leaf surfaces are dotted with pores called stomata (singular "stoma"), and in most plants they are more numerous on the undersides of the foliage.

Lymph returns proteins and excess interstitial fluid to the bloodstream. ... Lymph also transports fats from the digestive system (beginning in the lacteals) to the blood via chylomicrons. Bacteria may enter the lymph channels and be transported to lymph nodes, where they are destroyed.

Plasma is the liquid component of blood which transport food,carbon dioxide,nitrogenous waste,dissolved substances such as nutrients, electrolytes etc. It also carries blood components throughout the body

Veins have thin walls because blood flows inside them with low pressure and with a low speed. Whereas arteries have thick walls because blood flows inside them with high pressure and with a high speed.

Answer 2

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Ans1 :- Transpiration is the process by which plants lose water in the vapour form, from the aerial parts of the plant.

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Ans2 :- Lymph is a light yellow coloured, mobile fluid connective tissue which drains into the lymphatic capillaries from the intracellular spaces.

Lymph transports the following substances:

• It carries carbon dioxide and nitrogenous waste from tissues to blood.

• It carries white blood cells from lymph nodes. Hence, it protects the body by killing germs and fights against infections.

• It transports fats from the digestive tract.

• It passes proteins from circulation to tissues.

• It drains the excess fluid from extra cellular spaces back into the blood.

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Ans3 :- (i) Plasma

(ii) Hemoglobin

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Ans4 :- The vein have thin walls as the just have to carry the blood from all parts of the body to the heart and the pressure is less as there is no organ to pump deoxygenated blood to heart.

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Ans5 :- Blood -

• It is a red fluid tissue

• It has haemoglobin.

• Its flow is rapid

• It consists of plasma, erythrocytes, leucocytes and platelets.

Lymph -

• It is a colourless fluid tissue.

• It lacks haemoglobin.

• Its flow is slow

• It consists of plasma and leucocytes only

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Ans6 :- Arteries -

• Arteries carry oxygenated blood, away from the heart except pulmonary artery

• These are mostly deeply situated in the body

• These are thick-walled, highly muscular except arteries of cranium and vertebral column

• These posses narrow lumen

• Valves are absent

• These are reddish in color

• These show spurty movement of blood giving pulse

• Blood in arteries moves with pressure

• Arteries empty up at the time of death

• If arterial wall is injured, the blood comes out like a ‘fountain’ in a large area all around the artery

Veins -

• Veins carry deoxygenated blood, towards the heart except pulmonary veins

• These are superficial and deep in location

• These are thin-walled

• These posses wide lumen

• Valves are present which provide unidirectional flow of blood

• These are bluish in color

• These show sluggish movement of blood

• Blood in veins moves under very low pressure

• Veins get filled up at time of death

• If venous wall is injured, blood comes out, collects in a pool in a small area around vein

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