Q : In a metric space X, the empty set and X are always
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In any metric space X, the sets ∅ and X are always closed.
Let A be a subset of X. The set A is closed in X if A contains all of its accumulation points in X
The empty set has no accumulation points, so it contains all of its accumulation points vacuously. The set X may have many accumulation points. Suppose that x is an accumulation point of X. Since x is a point, it must be a member of the universal space X. Therefore, X contains all of its accumulation points.
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