Q1. Give reasons behind in the decline of Indian textile industry?
Q2. What was spinning Jenny? How did it speed up the spinning process? Also paste a picture of spinning jenny in your notebook.
Q3. Describe the growth of iron and steel industry in the 20th century.
Q4. Give some common features of Indian Industrial Revolution.
Q5. Write a short note n the decline of iron smelting industry in India.
Q6. Shed some light on the process of re-industrialisation in India.
Answers
Answer:
(1) (i) stiff competition against Mill made goods of England.
(ii) the high taxes imposed on Indian cotton goods by the British government.
(iii) the British goods flooded the Indian market.
(2) The spinning jenny is a multi-spindle spinning frame, and was one of the key developments in the industrialization of weaving.
- the spinning jenny was a machine that used a large wheel to spin many spindles of thread at once. The invention increased the production ability of textile manufactures and was particularly important for cotton.
(3) The first successful attempt was made in 1875 in setting up an iron and steel works at Barakar by Bengal Iron and Steel Company. ... But the iron and steel industry in India had a real beginning in the year 1907 when Tata Iron and Steel Company Limited (TISCO) was opened at Sakchi which later became Jamshedpur.
(4) The Industrial Revolution transformed economies that had been based on agriculture and handicrafts into economies based on large-scale industry, mechanized manufacturing, and the factory system. New machines, new power sources, and new ways of organizing work made existing industries more productive and efficient.
(5) The Indian iron smelting industry had declined in the nineteenth century for the following reasons: ... But the iron smelters had to pay a very high tax to the forest department for every furnace they used. This reduced their income. (iii) By the late 19th century iron and steel was being imported from Britain.
(6) The large scale de-industrialisation brought far reaching impacts on the economy with loss to traditional economy, which was earlier considered as a blend of agriculture and handicrafts. ... The de-industrialisation of India played an important role in the underdevelopment and increasing poverty of the country.