Question

Q1. Give reasons for the following:

a) A cricket player moves his hand backwards while catching a ball.

b) It is difficult for a fireman to hold a hose which ejects a large amount of water at a high velocity​

Answer 1

Answer:

● a) A fast moving cricket ball has a large momentum. In stopping or catching this ball, its momentum has reduced to be zero. Now, when a cricket player moves back his hands on catching the fast ball, then the time taken to reduce the momentum of ball to zero is increased ●.

● b) Newton's third law of motion: Every action has an equal and opposite reaction. When the fireman holds the hose, it has an opposite reaction according to the third law of motion. This backward and an equal reaction on the fireman makes him unstable and finds it difficult to hold the hose ●.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

ANSWER

a)While catching a fast moving cricket ball, a fielder in the ground gradually pulls his hand backward with the moving ball, In doing so, the fielder increases the time during which the high velocity of the moving ball decrease to zero. Thus, the acceleration of the ball is decreased and therefore the impact of catching the fast moving ball is also reduced.If the ball stopped suddenly then its high velocity is decreased to zero in a very short interval of time.Thus, the rate of change of momentum of the ball will be large. Therefore, a large force would have to be applied for holding the catch that may hurt the palm of the fielder.

b)We can explain the above observation on the basis of law of conservation of momentum. When the system of hose and water is not ejecting any water, its momentum is zero. When the water issues out from the hose with a high velocity, it has momentum in the forward direction.

Therefore, in order to conserve momentum, the hose tends to move in the backward direction and hence is difficult to hold, or The ejection of large amounts of water at a high velocity from a hosepipe results in the development of an equal force of reaction on the hosepipe in the backward direction. That is why it becomes difficult for the fireman to hold the hosepipe.

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