Question

Q1. Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

1. Necessity is indeed the mother of invention. When areas in and around Leh began to

experience water shortages, life didn’t grind to a halt. Why? Because Chewang Norphel, a

retired civil engineer in the Jammu and Kashmir government came up with the idea of

artificial glaciers.

2. Ladakh, a cold desert at an altitude of 3,000-3,500 metres above sea level, has a low average

annual rainfall rate of 50mm. Glaciers have always been the only source of water.

Agriculture is completely dependent on glacier melt unlike the rest of river/monsoon-fed

India. But over the years with increasing effects of climate change, rainfall and snowfall

patterns have been changing, resulting in severe shortage and drought situations. Given the

severe winter conditions, the window for farming is usually limited to one harvest season.

3. It is located between the natural glacier above and the village below. The one closer to the

village and lowest in altitude melts first, providing water during April/May, the crucial

sowing season. Further layers of ice above melt with increasing temperature thus ensuring

continuous supply to the fields. Thus, farmers have been able to manage two crops instead

of one. It costs about Rs.1,50,000 and above to create one.

4. Fondly called the “glacier man”, Mr. Norphel has designed over 15 artificial glaciers in and

around Leh since 1987. In recognition of his pioneering effort, he was conferred the Padma

Shri by President Pranab Mukherjee, in 2015.
5. There are few basic steps followed in creating the artificial glacier.

6. River or stream water at higher altitude is diverted to a shaded area of the hill, facing north,

where the winter sun is blocked by a ridge or a mountain range. At the start of winter/November,

the diverted water is made to flow onto sloping hill face through distribution channels. Stone

embankments are built at regular intervals which impede the flow of water, making shallow

pools and freeze, forming a cascade of ice along the slope.

Ice formation continues for 3-4 months resulting in a large accumulation of ice which is

referred to as an “artificial glacier”.
​

Answer 1

incorrect correct

1) Change changed

2) or and

3) and the

4) needed need

5) require reqiured

hope it helps u....

Answer 2

Explanation:

Ye pagal hai kya yaisa answer kui mere question ko