Q1. Suppose water clusters containing up to 50 molecules. If we add 500 water molecules at
0
c with 500 water molecules forming ice at 0c
.
(a) The heat flow would be from ice to water or water to ice. (1 mark)
(b) Which thermodynamic property directed the heat flow for the above situation. (1 mark)
(c) Justify the heat flow direction from Boltzmann entropy equation.
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Thermodynamic property
Explanation:
(a) The heat flow would be from water to ice.
(b) The properties of entropy and transfer of heat affects the heat flow.
(c) Boltzmann's equation is a probability equation relating the entropy S of an ideal gas to the quantity W, the number of real microstates corresponding to the gas' macrostate:
S = kB ln W
where kB is the Boltzmann constant = 1.38065 × 10^-23 J/K.
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