Q10. Discuss different types of dams.
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The purpose of a dam is to store water, wastewater or liquid borne materials for any of several reasons.
For example:-
Flood control, human water supply, irrigation, livestock water supply, energy generation, containment of mine tailings, pollution control.
Manmade dams may be classified according to the type of construction material used. There are various types of dams which is mentioned below:-
a) Embankment Dams:- Embankment dams are the most common type of dam in use today. Materials used for embankment dams include natural soil or waste materials obtained from mining or milling operations.
b) Concrete Dams:- Concrete dams may be categorized according to the designs used to resist the stress due to reservoir water pressure.
c) Gravity:- Concrete gravity dams are the most common form of concrete dam. The mass weight of concrete and friction resist the reservoir water pressure.
d) Buttress:- A buttress dam is a specific type of gravity dam in which the large mass of concrete is reduced, and the forces are diverted to the dam foundation through vertical sloping buttress.
e) Arch:- Concrete arch dams are typically rather thin in cross-section. The reservoir water forces acting on an arch dam are carried laterally into the abutments.
For example:-
Flood control, human water supply, irrigation, livestock water supply, energy generation, containment of mine tailings, pollution control.
Manmade dams may be classified according to the type of construction material used. There are various types of dams which is mentioned below:-
a) Embankment Dams:- Embankment dams are the most common type of dam in use today. Materials used for embankment dams include natural soil or waste materials obtained from mining or milling operations.
b) Concrete Dams:- Concrete dams may be categorized according to the designs used to resist the stress due to reservoir water pressure.
c) Gravity:- Concrete gravity dams are the most common form of concrete dam. The mass weight of concrete and friction resist the reservoir water pressure.
d) Buttress:- A buttress dam is a specific type of gravity dam in which the large mass of concrete is reduced, and the forces are diverted to the dam foundation through vertical sloping buttress.
e) Arch:- Concrete arch dams are typically rather thin in cross-section. The reservoir water forces acting on an arch dam are carried laterally into the abutments.
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