Question

Q2. State the main elements of power sharing model evolved in Belgium​

Answer 1

ANSWER

(i) Belgian Constitution prescribes that the number of Dutch and French-speaking ministers shall be equal in the Central Government. Thus, no single community can make decisions unilaterally.

(ii) Many powers have been given to the State

Governments because the State Governments are not subordinate to the Central Government.

(iii) Brussels has a separate government, in which both the communities have equal representation.

(iv) There is a third type of government- ‘Community Government’ which is elected by people belonging to one language community (may be Dutch, French and German) and has the power regarding cultural, educational and language related issues.

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Answer 2

State the main elements of power sharing model evolved in Belgium​

Belgium is a small European country with a population of about 10 million. Of which 59% are two Dutch speakers, who are the majority and live in the Flemish territory. In Belgium, 40% of the people are French speakers, who live in the Wallonia region and are a minority. The remaining 1% are German speakers. The majority of the Dutch, despite being large in number, were not as prosperous as 40% of the French people.

Now since there was not much difference in the numbers of the two communities, in such a situation there would have been a situation of conflict between them, to solve this the Belgian government adopted the following measures...

• The Belgian government made four such amendments to its constitution between 1970 and 1993, so that people from both major communities of the country should be given equal representation in the government.
• He decided that the number of Dutch-speaking and French-speaking ministers in the central government would be equal and laws would be made only with the consent of both.
• Flemish and Wallonia were prominent in two regions in Belgium. The regional governments of these two regions were assigned certain powers, which were separate from the powers of the central government and these regional governments were not under the central government.
• The capital Brussels had a separate government, where both Dutch-speaking and French-speaking communities are equally represented. In the capital Brussels, French is 80% and countrymen only 20%, despite this, both communities were given equal representation in the government and French-speaking people accepted it because of the high number of Dutch-speaking people in the central government. Despite having equal representation in the central government was accepted by the Dutch people.
• Apart from the central government and the state government, community governments were also established there, which the different speaking communities choose according to their convenience.
• In this way, Belgium satisfied all classes by giving equal representation in government to both the major communities to avoid conflict and avoid any possibility of conflict like civil war.

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