Question

Q3. 'Scientific Management means knowing exactly what you want men to do and seeing that they do it in the
cheapest way.' Taylor developed various techniques for application of scientific management principles and was able
to achieve a three-fold increase in productivity in Bethlehem Steel Company, where he worked. One of the
technique help to determine the number of workers to be employed; frame suitable incentives schemes and
determine labour costs. Another technique recognize those workers who are able to accomplish the fair day's work
and is based on the premise that efficiency in the result of joint efforts of the managers and the workers. Quoting
lines from the above paragraph , identify and explain the two types of techniques of scientific management.
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Answer 1

1. Functional Foremanship

F.W. Taylor has propounded the functional organisation. This form of organisation is totally based on the principle of specialisation and makes full utilisation of the expertise of various experts.

In a functional organisation, work is divided into many small parts and each part is assigned to an expert. In this manner, all the benefits of specialisation are availed of.

2. Standardisation of Work

Standardisation means setting standards for different factors, after due deliberation.

For example, the amount of work to be done by a worker in a day may be standardised.

In other words, the worker is expected to do the standard amount of work every day.

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