Qt are twe assumptions made durihg net calculation of net gain of ATP??
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It is possible to make calculations of the net gain of ATP for every glucose molecule oxidised; but in reality this can remain only a theoretical exercise. These calculations can be made only on certain assumptions that:
●There is a sequential, orderly pathway functioning, with one substrate forming the next and with glycolysis, TCA cycle and ETS pathway following one after another.
transferred into the mitochondria and undergoes oxidative phosphorylation.
●None of the intermediates in the pathway are utilised to synthesise any other compound.
●Only glucose is being respired – no other alternative substrates are entering in the pathway at any of the intermediary stages.
But these kind of assumptions are not really valid in a living system; all pathway work simultaneously and do not take place one after another; substrates enter the pathways and are withdrawn from it as and when necessary; ATP is utilised as and when needed; enzymatic rates are controlled by multiple means. Hence, there can be a net gain of 36 ATP molecules during aerobic respiration of one molecule of glucose.
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Answer:
Assumptions made during the calculation of net gain of ATP are as follows
- NADH generated inside the mitochondria synthesizes 3 ATP molecules during its oxidation.
- NADH formed during glycolysis sends its reducing power into mitochondria via the shuttle system.
- During oxidation of FADH2, 2 molecules of ATP is produced inside mitochondria
- Formation of 3 ATP in the malate-aspartate shuttle (heart, liver and kidney) and 2 ATP in the glycerol phosphate shuttle (muscles and nerve cells).