Question 4.18: Answer the following questions: (a) A magnetic field that varies in magnitude from point to point but has a constant direction (east to west) is set up in a chamber. A charged particle enters the chamber and travels undeflected along a straight path with constant speed. What can you say about the initial velocity of the particle? (b) A charged particle enters an environment of a strong and non-uniform magnetic field varying from point to point both in magnitude and direction, and comes out of it following a complicated trajectory. Would its final speed equal the initial speed if it suffered no collisions with the environment? (c) An electron travelling west to east enters a chamber having a uniform electrostatic field in north to south direction. Specify the direction in which a uniform magnetic field should be set up to prevent the electron from deflecting from its straight line path.
Class 12 - Physics - Moving Charges And Magnetism Moving Charges And Magnetism Page-170
Answers
(b) A magnetic force can only change the direction of charged particle but never changes magnitude of speed as force act normal to direction of speed .so, charged particle may follow a complicated trajectory, but it's speed remains the same.
(c) if we want the electron to move undeflected in the presence of electric and magnetic field,then force should be balanced by magnetic force.so, the magnetic field should act in downward direction.
for better understanding see figure,
(a) Initial velocity is either parallel to the field of magnetic or is antiparallel
(b) Yes , its final speed equal the initial speed if it suffered no collisions with the environment
(c) The traveling electron will remain undeflected if the field of magnetic is equal to and opposite to the electrical force acting upon it.
Explanation:
(a) The particle's initial velocity is either parallel to the field of magnetic or is antiparallel. Therefore, it follows a straight path without experiencing any field deflection.
(b) Yes, the charged particle's final speed will be similar to its initial point. That's because, but not it is magnitude, magnetic force will shift the path of velocity.
(c) An electron traveling across west to east reaches a chamber in the North-South position which has a same electrostatic field. The traveling electron will remain undeflected if the field of magnetic is equal to and opposite to the electrical force acting upon it. The magnetic power is to the south. The magnetic field should also be distributed in a vertically downward path according to rule of Fleming's left hand.
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