Question

Question 4.24 What is meant by hybridisation of atomic orbitals? Describe the shapes of sp, sp2, sp3 hybrid orbitals.

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Answer 1

Answer:

The phenomenon of mixing of orbitals of the same atom with slight difference in energies so as to redisitribute their energies & give new orbitals of equivalent energy & shape.The new orbitals formed are known as hybrid orbitals & is called as hybridization.These hybrid orbitals have minimum repulsion between their electron pairs and thus, are more stable. Hybridization helps indicate the geometry of the molecule.

Answer 2

Answer:

The phenomenon of mixing of orbitals of the same atom with slight difference in energies so as to redistribute their energies & give new orbitals of equivalent energy & shape. The new orbitals formed are known as hybrid orbitals & is called as hybridization.

Shape of sp hybrid orbitals: sp hybrid orbitals have a linear shape. They are formed by the intermixing of s and p orbitals.

Shape of sp2 hybrid orbitals: sp2 hybrid orbitals are formed as a result of the intermixing of one s-orbital and two 2p orbitals. The hybrid orbitals are oriented in a trigonal planar arrangement.

Shape of sp3 hybrid orbitals: Four sp3 hybrid orbitals are formed by intermixing one s-orbital with three p-orbitals. The four sp3 hybrid orbitals are arranged in the form of a tetrahedron.

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