Question

Question 8 What are the assumptions made during the calculation of net gain of ATP?

Class XI Biology Chapter - Respiration in Plants Page 238

Answer 1

Certain assumptions are made for calculating the net gain of ATP:
An orderly pathway is followed; Glycolysis, followed by TCA cycle, followed by ETS
NADH synthesised during glycolysis enters the mitochondria to undergo oxidative phosphorylation.
Except glucose, no other substrate enters the pathway at any stage.
Intermediates do not synthesise any other compound in the pathway.
There can be a net gain of 36 ATPs during aerobic respiration of 1 molecule of glucose.
Glucose + 6O2 + 36ADP + 36Pi → 6CO2 + 42H2O + 36ATP
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Answer 2

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It is possible to make calculations of the net gain of ATP for every glucose molecule oxidised; but in reality this can remain only a theoretical exercise. These calculations can be made only on certain assumptions that:

●There is a sequential, orderly pathway functioning, with one substrate forming the next and with glycolysis, TCA cycle and ETS pathway following one after another.

transferred into the mitochondria and undergoes oxidative phosphorylation.

●None of the intermediates in the pathway are utilised to synthesise any other compound.

●Only glucose is being respired – no other alternative substrates are entering in the pathway at any of the intermediary stages.

But these kind of assumptions are not really valid in a living system; all pathway work simultaneously and do not take place one after another; substrates enter the pathways and are withdrawn from it as and when necessary; ATP is utilised as and when needed; enzymatic rates are controlled by multiple means. Hence, there can be a net gain of 36 ATP molecules during aerobic respiration of one molecule of glucose.

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