Question

question_answer1) What is meant by 'deforestation'?
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question_answer2) Which commercial crops were grown by British after deforestation?
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question_answer3) Why were forests considered unproductive by the British?
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question_answer4) How could English ships be built without a regular supply of strong and durable timber?
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question_answer5) How spread of railways created a new demand for timber?
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question_answer6) Who was the first Inspector General of Forests in India?
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question_answer7) Name the forest Institute of Dehradun set up in 1906 by Brandis.
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question_answer8) What does 'Scientific Forestry' mean?
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question_answer9) Name the three categories of forests as mentioned in the Act of 1878.
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question_answer10) Which species of trees were promoted for the building of ships or railways?
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question_answer11) From which fruit was oil extracted for cooking and lighting lamps?
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question_answer12) What was the use of a dried scooped out gourd?

Answer 1

1. the action of clearing a wide area of trees.
2. Jute,indigo,opium,tea,and cotton
3. The British considered forests as unproductive land because they yielded no revenue nor agricultural produce.Cultivation was viewed as a sign of progress by them.
4. they couldn't build without timber.
5. Railways spread at a fast rate during British rule due to many advantages like fast transportation and many more. However, the railways needed tracks to be laid. The tracks were made up of timber, creating a new and high demand of it.  
6. Dietrich Brandis
7. The Forest Research Institute of Dehradun was set up in 1906 at Chandbagh by Dietrich Brandis
8. Scientific forestry is the science of managing forests and tree plantations. Natural forests with different types of trees were cut down and replaced with one type of tree planted in rows known as plantation.
9. reserved forests, protected forests and village forests
10. Sal and teak trees were promoted for building ships or railways by the colonial government.
11. Oil for cooking and to light lamps was extracted from the fruit of Mahua tree.
12. It was used as portable water bottle.