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Rabindranath Tagore

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For the film about Tagore, see Rabindranath Tagore (film).

"Tagore" redirects here. For other uses, see Tagore (disambiguation).

Rabindranath Tagore FRAS (/rəˈbɪndrənɑːt tæˈɡɔːr/ (About this soundlisten); born Robindronath Thakur, 7 May 1861 – 7 August 1941; sobriquet Gurudev, Kobiguru, Biswakobi)[a] was an Indian polymath – poet, writer, playwright, composer, philosopher, social reformer and painter.[2] He was a fellow of the Royal Asiatic Society. He reshaped Bengali literature and music as well as Indian art with Contextual Modernism in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Author of the "profoundly sensitive, fresh and beautiful verse" of Gitanjali,[3] he became in 1913 the first non-European to win the Nobel Prize in Literature.[4] Tagore's poetic songs were viewed as spiritual and mercurial; however, his "elegant prose and magical poetry" remain largely unknown outside Bengal.[5] He is sometimes referred to as "the Bard of Bengal".[6]

Rabindranath Tagore

A late-middle-aged bearded man in grey robes sitting on a chair looks to the right with serene composure.

Tagore c. 1925

Native name

রবীন্দ্রনাথ ঠাকুর

Born

Robindronath Tagore

7 May 1861, 25th of Baishakh, 1268 (Bengali calendar)

Calcutta, Bengal Presidency, British India (now Kolkata, West Bengal, India)

Died

7 August 1941 (aged 80)

Calcutta, Bengal Presidency, British India (now Kolkata, West Bengal, India)

Resting place

Ashes scattered in the Ganges

Pen name

Bhanusingha (ভানুসিংহ)

Occupation

Poetnovelistdramatistessayiststory-writercomposerpainterphilosophersocial reformereducationistlinguistgrammarian

Language

Bengali

Period

Bengali Renaissance

Literary movement

Contextual Modernism

Notable works

GitanjaliGhare-BaireGoraJana Gana ManaRabindra SangeetAmar Shonar Bangla(other works)

Notable awards

Nobel Prize in Literature

1913

Spouse

Mrinalini Devi

(m. 1883; wid. 1902)

Children

5, including Rathindranath Tagore

Relatives

Tagore family

Signature

Close-up on a Bengali word handwritten with angular, jaunty letters.

Locations of places associated with Rabindranath TagoreSantiniketanSantiniketanShilaidahaShilaidahaPatisharPatisharShahzadpurShahzadpurJorasanko, KolkataJorasanko, KolkataDakkhindihiDakkhindihi

Locations of places associated with Rabindranath Tagore

A Bengali Brahmin from Calcutta with ancestral gentry roots in Burdwan district[7] and Jessore, Tagore wrote poetry as an eight-year-old.[8] At the age of sixteen, he released his first substantial poems under the pseudonym Bhānusiṃha ("Sun Lion"), which were seized upon by literary authorities as long-lost classics.[9] By 1877 he graduated to his first short stories and dramas, published under his real name. As a humanist, universalist, internationalist, and ardent anti-nationalist,[10] he denounced the British Raj and advocated independence from Britain. As an exponent of the Bengal Renaissance, he advanced a vast canon that comprised paintings, sketches and doodles, hundreds of texts, and some two thousand songs; his legacy also endures in the institution he founded, Visva-Bharati University.[11][12]

Tagore modernised Bengali art by spurning rigid classical forms and resisting linguistic strictures. His novels, stories, songs, dance-dramas, and essays spoke to topics political and personal. Gitanjali (Song Offerings), Gora (Fair-Faced) and Ghare-Baire (The Home and the World) are his best-known works, and his verse, short stories, and novels were acclaimed—or panned—for their lyricism, colloquialism, naturalism, and unnatural contemplation. His compositions were chosen by two nations as national anthems: India's "Jana Gana Mana" and Bangladesh's "Amar Shonar Bangla". The Sri Lankan national anthem was inspired by his work.[13]

Family history

Life and events

Travels

Works

Politics

Santiniketan and Visva-Bharati

Impact and legacy

Museums

List of works

Adaptations of novels and short stories in cinema

In popular culture

rabindranath tagore first founded for religious discussions​

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rabindranath tagore first founded for religious discussions