Rank the surface tensions of H2, NH3, and HBr. with reason
Answers
Explanation:
Intramolecular forces (bonding forces) exist within molecules and influence the chemical properties. Intermolecular forces exist between molecules and influence the physical properties. We can think of H2O in its three forms, ice, water and steam. In all three cases, the bond angles are the same, the dipole moment is the same, the molecular shape is the same and the hybridization of the oxygen is the same. However, the physical properties of H2O are very different in the three states. As solid ice, H2O possesses a definite shape and volume. It is incompressible. Liquid water possesses a definite volume, but will assume the shape of its container. It is slightly compressible. Steam will assume both the shape and volume of its container and is extremely compressible. Intermolecular forces (IMF) are the forces which cause real gases to deviate from ideal gas behavior. They are also responsible for the formation of the condensed phases, solids and liquids.
The IMF govern the motion of molecules as well. In the gaseous phase, molecules are in random and constant motion. Each gas molecule moves independently of the others. In liquids, the molecules slide past each other freely. In solids, the molecules vibrate about fixed positions.