Question

Reaction mechanism of p-nitrochlorobenzene with caustic soda

Answer 1

Aryl halide experience nucleophilic displacement responses promptly when a strong el' withdrawal group i.e. nitro is available at ortho or para positions. Whenever p - nitrochlorobenzene responds with caustic soda, p - nitrophenol is synthesized. As caustic soda is NaOH and OH group is el' donating. Its impact is visible in given reaction. At the point when nucleophile attacks p - nitrochlorobenzene, it will make negative charge on carbon nearby nitro group which is delocalized outside of the ring and this intermediate will turn out to be more steady than chlorobenzene and thus the product for example p - nitrophenol formed.