Read the excerpt from "Social Media Made the Arab Spring, But Couldn't Save It" by Jessi Hempel. Five years ago this week, massive protests toppled Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak, marking the height of the Arab Spring. Empowered by access to social media sites like Twitter, YouTube and Facebook, protesters organized across the Middle East, starting in December 2010 in Tunisia, and gathered together to speak out against oppression, inspiring hope for a better, more democratic future. Commentators, comparing these activists to the US peace protesters of 1968, praised the effort as a democratic dawn for an area that had long been populated by autocracies. In a photo collection published by the New York Times a few months later, Irish writer Colum McCann wrote: "The light from the Arab Spring rose from the ground up; the hope is now that the darkness doesn’t fall.” The darkness has fallen. Half a decade later, the Middle East is roiling in violence and repression. Activists are being intimidated into restraint by governments that are, with the exception of Tunisia, more totalitarian than those they replaced, if any government as such really exists at all. Meanwhile, militants have harnessed the same technology to organize attacks and recruit converts, catapulting the world into instability. Instead of new robust democracies, we have a global challenge with no obvious solution. The Arab Spring carried the promise that social media and the Internet were going to unleash a new wave of positive social change. But the past five years have shown that liberty isn't the only end toward which these tools can be turned. Activists were able to organize and mobilize in 2011 partly because authoritarian governments didn’t yet understand very much about how to use social media. They didn’t see the potential, says NYU professor of politics Joshua Tucker, a [principal] investigator at the Social Media and Political Participation Lab at New York University. "There are a lot of reasons the people in power were slow to pick up on this,” he adds. "One of the things about not have a free press is it is harder to learn what was going on in the world.” Which statement best evaluates the evidence in this excerpt? The author uses verifiable facts and expert testimony to support her argument effectively, but the excerpt would be stronger if she deleted references to a past protest. The author uses specific data, reasons, and quotations to support her argument effectively, but the excerpt would be stronger if she included eyewitness testimony or personal stories. The author uses quotations and data about historical instances to support her argument effectively, but the excerpt would be stronger if she included more verifiable facts. The author uses eyewitness testimony and personal stories to support her argument, but the argument would be stronger if she deleted the quotations from experts.
Answers
Answer:
c
Explanation: test
Answer:
I think there are two big lessons that we can examine from the Social Media Made the Arab Spring, But Couldn't Save It" by Jessi Hempel. or the Arab Spring approximately possibilities for democracy in growing international locations across the world.
Explanation:
- The first is that the greater progressive your revolution is, the much less probable it's miles to cause democracy. So, the greater which you attempt to change, and the greater which you attempt to exclude the antique regime and the elites of the preceding order from taking part in politics, the much more likely you aren't to get to democracy, however, a few states of affairs of struggle are or perhaps even civil conflict.
And one issue I suppose that we’ve recognized for a long term from analyzing democratization in Latin America and East Asia, and different elements of the world, it’s that democracy is much more likely whilst all events have a seat on the table. And I suppose that withinside the cutting-edge Middle East, one of the matters that we want to don't forget is that after we strive to exclude antique elites from participation in politics, whilst we strive to mention matters like, “the antique elite have to now no longer have any function withinside the new democratic order,” then all you’re doing is without a doubt putting in place the ones antique elites to attempt to play the spoiler and attempt to convey down democracy.
- The 2nd issue that I suppose the Arab Spring reinforces is the significance of the kingdom. You know, the ones people who've studied the Arab world, we study the Arab kingdom as an awful issue, right? An entity that oppresses its citizens. Or we simply take it for granted; we don’t consider it at all. And I suppose what we examine from what befell in Syria, what’s befell in Iraq, what’s befell in Yemen or Libya, is simply how essential having a kingdom is, in case you need to get to democracy.
Because, after all, whilst there may be no kingdom, whilst there may be no not unusual place electricity to maintain all of us in line, then the result is – political philosophers have recognized for centuries – is chaos, in the form of Hobbesian kingdom of nature. And this is why we look at Yemen, today, as a civil conflict, or a civil conflict in Libya. So the significance of truly having a functioning kingdom that can keep order simply can’t be exaggerated.
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