Question

Read the following passage and answer the following questions.

1. Friends, Comrades and Fellow South Africans. I greet you all in the name of peace,
democracy and freedom for all. I stand here before you, not as a prophet but as a humble
servant of you, the people. Your tireless and heroic sacrifices have made it possible for
me to be here today. I, therefore, place the remaining years of my life in your hands.
2. Today, the majority of South Africans, black and white, recognise that apartheid has no
future. It has to be ended by our own decisive mass action in order to build peace and
security. The mass campaign to defiance and other actions of our organisation and people,
can only culminate in the establishment of democracy. The apartheid destruction on our
subcontinent is incalculable. The fabric of family life of the millions of my people has
been shattered. Millions are homeless and unemployed. Our economy lies in ruins and
our people are embroiled in political strife.
3. Our resort to the armed struggle in 1960 with the formation of the military wing of the
ANC, Umkhonto we Sizwe( Spear Of The Nation ), was a purely defensive action against
the violence of apartheid. The factor which necessitated the armed struggle still exists
today. We have no option but to continue. Negotiations on the dismantling of apartheid
will have to address the overwhelming demand of our people for a democratic, non- racial
and unitary South- Africa..
4. There must be an end to white monopoly on political power, and a fundamental
reconstruction of our political and economic systems to ensure that the inequalities of
apartheid and our society are thoroughly democratised. It must be added that Mr. Klerck
himself, is a man of integrity who is acutely aware of the dangers of a public figure not
honouring his undertakings. But as an organisation, we base our policy and strategy, on
the harsh reality, we are faced with. And this reality is that we are still suffering under the
policies of the Nationalist government.
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5. Our struggle has reached a decisive moment. We call on our people to seize this moment,
so that the process towards democracy may be rapid and uninterrupted. We have waited
too long for our freedom. We can no longer wait. Now is the time to intensify the struggle
on all fronts. To relax our efforts now, would be a mistake which generations to come
will not be able to forgive. The sight of freedom looming on the horizon should encourage
us to redouble our efforts. It is only through disciplined mass action that our victory can
be assured.
6. We call on our white compatriots, to join us in the shaping of a new South- Africa. The
freedom movement is a political hope for you, too. We call on the international
community to continue the campaign, to isolate the apartheid regime. To lift sanctions
now, would be to run the risk of aborting the process towards the complete eradication of
apartheid. Our march to freedom is irreversible. We must not allow fear to stand in our
way. Universal suffrage on a common voter’s role in a united democratic and non- racial
South- Africa is the only way to peace and racial- harmony. In conclusion, I wish to go to
my own words during my trial in 1964. They are true today as they were then. I quote “I
have fought against white domination and I have fought against black domination. I have
cherished the ideal of democratic and free society in which all persons live together in
harmony and with equal opportunity. It is an ideal for which I am prepared to die.”
Nelson Mandela.

1.1 Answer the questions given below by choosing the most appropriate option.
a) Apartheid is the mother of
i) justice
ii) racial harmony
iii) discrimination
iv) injustice
b) People in power always try to perpetuate their
i) hold
ii) nefarious designs
iii) friendship
iv) discrimination
c) Universal suffrage brings
i) disparity
ii) harmony
iii) sufferings
iv) solidarity
d) White discrimination shattered blacks’ economy and forced them to
i) Fight
ii) submit
iii) run away
iv) hit back

6

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e) Find words similar in meaning to
disobedience ( para 2 )
i) culminate
ii) decisive
iii) strife
iv) defiance
separate ( para 6 )
i) abort
ii) isolate
iii) perpetuate
iv) suffrage

Answer 1

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