Read the following passage carefully: [10x1=10]
1. Obesity has been defined as a Body Mass Index (BMI) greater than 30 kg/m2, with
extreme obesity defined as a BMI greater than 40 kg/m 2. Obesity is rapidly becoming
the leading cause of preventable death in the United States, with obesity-related
deaths projected to soon surpass deaths related to tobacco abuse. The incidence of
obesity has doubled in the United States since 1960, with one third of the adult
population currently obese. Perhaps more alarming is the increase in overweight
children; over the past 25 years, this rate has risen from 6% to 19%.
2. Obesity is the next major epidemiologic challenge facing today's doctors, with the
annual allocation of healthcare resources for the disease and related comorbidities
projected to exceed $150 billion in the United States. The incidence of obesity has
risen in the United States over the past 30 years; 60% of adults are currently either
obese or overweight. Obesity is associated with a higher incidence of a number of
disease, including diabetes, cardiovascular disease and cancer. Consumption of fast
food, Trans Fatty Acids (TFAs), and fructose—combined with increasing portion sizes
and decreased physical activity—has been implicated as a potential contributing factor
in the obesity crisis.
The use of Body Mass Index (BMI) alone is of limited utility for predicting adverse
cardiovascular outcomes, but the utility of this measure may be strengthened when
combined with waist circumference and other anthropomorphic measurements. Certain
public health initiatives have helped to identify and reduce some of the factors
contributing to obesity.
In New York City and Denmark, for example, such initiatives have succeeded in
passing legislation to reduce or remove TFAs from resident's diets. The obesity
epidemic will likely change practice for gastroenterologists, as shifts will be seen in the
incidence of obesity-related gastrointestinal disorders, disease severity and the nature
of comorbidities. The experience gained with previous epidemiologic problems such as
smoking should help involved parties to expand needed health initiatives and increase
the likelihood of preventing future generations from suffering the consequences of
obesity.(i) A person is said to be extremely obese if his/her
(a) BMI is less than 30 kg/m2
(b) BMI is greater than 20 kg/m2
(c) BMI is greater than 40 kg/m2
(d) BM1 is greater than 30 kg/m2
(ii) Deaths due to obesity are called as
(a) preventable deaths (b) unpresentable deaths
(c) deadly deaths (d) natural deaths
(iii) Since 1960, the incidence of obesity has ………………. in ……………………..
(a) tripled, the United Kingdom (b) doubled, the United Kingdom
(c) doubled, India (d) doubled, the United States
(iv) What according to the author, is more worrying?
(a) Increase in overweight females. (b) Increase in overweight children
(c) Decrease in overweight children. (d) Males increase in overweight_
(v) The annual allocation of budget in the US for obesity and related diseases is ………..
(a) $ 50 billion (b) $ 70 billion (c) $ 150 billion (d) $ S 150 billion
(vi) 60% of the adult population in USA is either ……………. or ………………
(a) obese, underweight (b) obese, overweight
(c) malnourished, underweight (d) malnourished, overweight
(vii) Which initiative has been taken in New York city and Denmark?
(a) Reduce or remove fructose from diets (b) Increase TFAs from diets
(c) Reduce fast food from diets (d) Reduce or remove TFAs from diets
(viii) 'Cardiovascular outcomes' is related to
(a) lungs (b) intestines (c) nose (d) heart
(ix) Based on your understanding of the passage, choose the option that 1 medical
problems caused by Obesity.
1. Heart diseases 2. Diabetes 3. Lung diseases
4. Cancer 5. Thyroid 6. Hormonal disorders
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 3 and 4 (c) 5 and 6 (d) All of these
(x) The word in para 2 is a synonym of 'granting'.
(a) associated (b) allocation (c) consumption (d) contributing
Answers
The answers are as follows:
i. c. BMI is greater than 40kg/m².
ii. a. preventable deaths
iii. d. doubled, United States
iv. b. Increase in overweight children
v. c. $ 150 billion
vi. b. obese, overweight
vii. d. Reduce or remove TFAs from diets.
viii. d. heart
ix. a. 1 and 2
x. b. allocation
Comprehension
- Comprehensions refer to those exercises where we need to read a passage, understand it, and answer questions from the given passage.
- In the given exercise, a passage about obesity has been given in the comprehension.
- Comprehensions are an efficient way of improving vocabulary, grammar, and reading skills.
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Answer:
(i)option(c), a person is said to be extremely obese if his/her BMI is greater than 40kg/ .
(ii)option (a), death due to obesity are called as preventable deaths.
(iii)option(d), since 1960, the incidence of obesity has doubled in the United States .
(iv)Option (b),according to the author increasing in overweight children is more worrying.
(v)option (c), the annual allocation of budget in the US for obesity and related diseases is $150 billion.
(vi)option (b), 60% of the adult population in USA is either obese or overweight.
(vii) option (d),reduce or remove TFAs from diet has been taken in New York City and Denmark .
(viii)option (b) , cardiovascular outcomes is related to intestines .
(ix) option (2), diabetes problems caused by obesity .
(x)option(x), associated is a synonym of 'grating'.
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