Question

Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow:

To a greater or less degree all the civilized communities of the modern world are made up of a small

class of rulers, corrupted by to much power, and of large class of subjects, corrupted by too much passive

and irresponsible obedience. Participation in a social order of this kind makes it very difficult for

individuals to achieve that non-attachment in the midst of activity, which is the distinguishing mark of the

ideally excellent human being and where three is not atleast a considerable degree of non-attachment in

activity, the ideal society of the prophets cannot be realised. A desirable social order is one that delivers us

from avoidable evils. A bad social order is one that leads us into temptation which, if matters were more

sensibly arranged, would never rise. Our present business is to discover what large scale changes are best

calculated to deliver us from the evils of too much power and of too much passive and irresponsible

obedience.

In the modern world the great obstacle to all desirable change is war. The cardinal, the indispensable

reform therefore is a reform in the present policy of national communities in regard to one another. Today

all nations conduct their foreign policy on militaristic principles. Some are more explicitly, more noisily

and vulgarly militaristic than others, but all, even those that call themselves democratic and pacific,

consistently act upon the principals of militarism. It is hardly conceivable that any desirable reform in this

direction should be initiated by those who now hold political power. The movement of reform must

therefore come from private individuals. It is the business of these private individuals to persuade the

majority of their fellows that the policy of pacifism is preferable to that of militarism. When and only when

they have succeeded, it will be possible to change those militaristic national policies, which make the out-

break of another war all but inevitable and which, by doing this, hold up the whole process of desirable

change.

a) On the basis of your reading of the above passage make notes on it. Using headings and sub-headings.

Also use recognisable short forms wherever necessary (minimum 4). Supply an appropriate title to it.

b) Write a summary of the above passage in about 80 words.​

Answer 1

Answer:

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