Read the passage given below and answer the questions that follow: [8 marks] Surgical Instruments Designed Due to Necessity
Necessity, they say, is the mother of invention. And Indian doctors have been quite creative when hamstrung by few or no tools to perform specific surgeries. They simply design it themselves at one-fourth the price they are sold abroad. In fact, some of their innovations are priced at as much as hundreds of dollars abroad. Take 47-year-old Dr Burjor P Banaji, pioneer of Lasik surgery in India. He’s invented over a dozen surgical instruments. When this senior eye surgeon at Max Eye Care started Lasik, there were few surgeons doing it worldwide and no specific instruments were available either. “As I want things super-perfect, I designed a whole slew of instruments that made my surgery more efficient,” says Banaji. The most popular instruments are Banaji Lasik Shield and Banaji Lasik Spatula and Canulae. “It was simple. I had the designs in my head. Putting them down on paper was the simplest thing,” he says. Instruments manufacturers and large multinationals in the US snapped them up. “They would send me computer generated drawings which I would correct and send back. Their level of execution was astounding. Within two weeks of the designs being finalised, the instruments were in the world market.” His instruments are priced at hundreds of dollars each in the US, and are also sold in Switzerland, South America, Korea, Eastern Europe, Africa and Japan. They’re available in India at a fraction of the price.
Answer of the following questions briefly. [1×8 = 8 marks]What is the mother of invention?What is the value of these innovations in foreign countries?What motivates Dr. Banaji to design these instruments?Why have some Indian doctors created their own surgical tools?What has Dr Burjor P Banaji created?Where does Dr Banaji get the instruments manufactured?What does the term ‘hamstrung’ refers to in the passageIn which other countries other than USA are Dr. Banaji’s instruments sold?
Answers
Hi, I have marked the questions as a, b, c ... for convenience.
a) Necessity is the mother of innovation.
b) These instruments are sold for hundreds of dollars in foreign countries.
c) Dr. Banaji's desire for perfection in his work, motivated him to design these instruments.
d) Some Indian doctors have created their own instruments as they were faced with few or no tools to perform specific surgeries.
e) Dr Burjor P Banaji has created Banaji Lasik Shield and Banaji Lasik Spatula and Canulae.
f) Dr Banaji get the instruments manufactured by Instruments manufacturers and large multinationals in the US.
g) In the passage, ‘hamstrung’ refers to severe constraint or lack of surgical instruments.
h) Dr. Banaji’s instruments are sold in Switzerland, South America, Korea, Eastern Europe, Africa and Japan.
What is the mother of invention?
Necessity.
What is the value of these innovations in foreign countries?
In foreign countries, these innovations are highly valued due to which large multinationals and instrument manufacturers seized upon the opportunity to make them so that they can be sold in the world market.
What motivates Dr. Banaji to design these instruments?
As Dr. Banaji wants everything in a perfect way so that he can perform surgeries efficiently, it motivates him to design the instruments.
Why have some Indian doctors created their own surgical tools?
There are some specific surgeries for which instruments and tools were not available easily. That is the reason why some Indian doctors have created their own surgical tools to perform the surgeries easily.
What has Dr Burjor P Banaji created?
The doctor has created over a dozen surgical instruments that include the Canulae, Banaji Lasik Spatula, Banaji Lasik Shield and many others.
Where does Dr Banaji get the instruments manufactured?
There are large multinationals and instrument manufacturers in the US that manufacture Dr. Banaji's creations.
What does the term ‘hamstrung’ refers to in the passage?
'Hamstrung' refers to the inability of doctors to perform particular surgeries or operations in the most desired manner. In which other countries other than USA are Dr.
Banaji’s instruments sold?
Apart from USA, Dr. Banaji's instruments are also sold in Switzerland, Korea, Japan and some countries of Eastern Europe, South America and Africa.