Reasons why ammonia gas is highly soluble in water
Answers
Answer:
Because ammonia and water are both polar molecules, and because they are both capable of hydrogen bonding
Explanation:
Ammonia is made of a nitrogen atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms. Nitrogen is a highly electronegative atom — in other words, it strongly draws electrons to itself when it is bonded to other atoms. So, the electrons that nitrogen shares with hydrogen are more strongly attracted to nitrogen, which means that the nitrogen atom acquires an overall negative charge build-up, while the hydrogen atoms acquire an overall positive charge build-up. This is what we call a polar molecule.
As it turns out, polar molecules mix more easily with other polar molecules. Water is also polar, so water and ammonia are highly miscible.
Furthermore, because the partially-positive atoms in NH3 and H2O are hydrogen atoms — which tend to be much smaller than other atoms — they can closely approach the partially-negative oxygen and nitrogen atoms of adjacent water and ammonia molecules, respectively. So not only are NH3 and H2O strongly attracted to each other due to their polarity, but they get an extra boost of attraction because they can snuggle really close. This extra boost of attraction is known as hydrogen bonding.
Answer:
This is because the hydrogen atoms of ammonia are bonded with a highly electronegative Nitrogen and the hydrogen atoms of water molecules are bonded with the highly electronegative Oxygen atom. Due to these strong forces of attraction between ammonia and water molecule, ammonia is highly soluble in water
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