Regional powers of Bengal and Hyderabad that rose in the 18th century
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Bengal:-
•Murshid Quli Khan was made Diwan of Bengal by Aurangzeb.
•He was made Governor of Bengal in 1717, soon became its ruler in true sense.
•Though virtually independent Murshid and his successors sent revenue to Mughal emperor regularly.
•In choosing revenue farmers he gave preference to local zamindars and mahajans (money lenders) who were mainly Hindus.
•He thus laid the foundations of a new landed aristocracy in Bengal.
•The only three major uprisings during his rule were: first by Sitaram Ray, Udai Narayan and Ghulam Muhammad, and then by Shujat Khan, and finally by Najat Khan.
•After Murshid Quli Khan’s death his son-in-law Shuja-ud-dinruled, followed by Shuja-ud-din’s son, Sarfaraz Khan.
•In 1739, Alivardi Khan deposed and killed Sarfaraaz and made himself the Nawab.
•It was Ali Vardi’sgrandson and successor Siraj-ud-Daulah who fought against British at Plassey (1757).
•The Nawabs of Bengal neglected to build a strong army and paid a heavy price for it.
•Alivardi Khan was constantly troubled by the repeated invasions of the Marathas and, in the end, he had to cede a large part of Orissa to Maratha Sardar Raghuji Bhonsle.
Hyderabad:-
•Chin Quilch Khan better known as Nizam-ul-Mulk Asaf Jah founded the state of Hyderabad in 1724 and the Asaf Jahi dynasty.
•He played a leading role in the overthrow of the Sayyid brothersand was rewarded with the viceroyalty of the Deccan.
•From 1722 to 1724 he was the wazir of the Empire but due to irresponsible behaviour of emperor left for Deccan.
•He never openly declared his independence.
•A Hindu, Puran Chand, was his Dewan.
•The Carnatic was one the subahs of the Mughal Deccan under the Nizam of Hyderabad.
•However under Nawab Saadutullah Khan, Carnatic became virtually independent.
•Saadutullah Khan nominated his nephew Dost Ali as his successor without approval of his superior, Nizam.
Bengal:-
•Murshid Quli Khan was made Diwan of Bengal by Aurangzeb.
•He was made Governor of Bengal in 1717, soon became its ruler in true sense.
•Though virtually independent Murshid and his successors sent revenue to Mughal emperor regularly.
•In choosing revenue farmers he gave preference to local zamindars and mahajans (money lenders) who were mainly Hindus.
•He thus laid the foundations of a new landed aristocracy in Bengal.
•The only three major uprisings during his rule were: first by Sitaram Ray, Udai Narayan and Ghulam Muhammad, and then by Shujat Khan, and finally by Najat Khan.
•After Murshid Quli Khan’s death his son-in-law Shuja-ud-dinruled, followed by Shuja-ud-din’s son, Sarfaraz Khan.
•In 1739, Alivardi Khan deposed and killed Sarfaraaz and made himself the Nawab.
•It was Ali Vardi’sgrandson and successor Siraj-ud-Daulah who fought against British at Plassey (1757).
•The Nawabs of Bengal neglected to build a strong army and paid a heavy price for it.
•Alivardi Khan was constantly troubled by the repeated invasions of the Marathas and, in the end, he had to cede a large part of Orissa to Maratha Sardar Raghuji Bhonsle.
Hyderabad:-
•Chin Quilch Khan better known as Nizam-ul-Mulk Asaf Jah founded the state of Hyderabad in 1724 and the Asaf Jahi dynasty.
•He played a leading role in the overthrow of the Sayyid brothersand was rewarded with the viceroyalty of the Deccan.
•From 1722 to 1724 he was the wazir of the Empire but due to irresponsible behaviour of emperor left for Deccan.
•He never openly declared his independence.
•A Hindu, Puran Chand, was his Dewan.
•The Carnatic was one the subahs of the Mughal Deccan under the Nizam of Hyderabad.
•However under Nawab Saadutullah Khan, Carnatic became virtually independent.
•Saadutullah Khan nominated his nephew Dost Ali as his successor without approval of his superior, Nizam.
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