report on dams of India and the reasons for agitation raised against their construction
Answers
Dams are physical structures that are constructed over rivers for the purpose of storage. They also act as barriers and create reservoirs. The reservoirs are used to irrigate fields and also stop flooding.
In India,
Dams have been constructed from the period of the kings till today. There are almost 3250 dams all across India.
Kallanai dam in Tamil Nadu is the first dam to be constructed in India by the king karikala chola.
Maharashtra has the most number of dams with 1820.
The tehri dam is the largest dam in India situated in Uttarakhand.
Reason for agitation:
- Sediments left behind the dam spoil the natural habitat.
- Altering the natural flow of water will result in seismic risk.
- The construction of dams also bring in differences between the states.
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A dam is a barrier that stops or restricts the flow of water or underground streams. Reservoirs created by dams not only suppress floods but also provide water for activities such as irrigation, human consumption, industrial use, aquaculture, and navigability.
Irrigation in India includes a network of major and minor canals from Indian rivers, groundwater well based systems, tanks, and other rainwater harvesting projects for agricultural activities. Of these groundwater system is the largest. In 2013-14, only about 47.7% of total agricultural land in India was reliably irrigated. The largest canal in India is Indira Gandhi Canal, which is about 650 km long. About 2/3rd cultivated land in India is dependent on monsoons. Irrigation in India helps improve food security, reduce dependence on monsoons, improve agricultural productivity and create rural job opportunities. Dams used for irrigation projects help produce electricity and transport facilities, as well as provide drinking water supplies to a growing population, control floods and prevent droughts.