representation of images formed by spherical mirror using ray diagram
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A spherical mirror is a mirror which has the shape of a piece cut out of a spherical surface. There are two types of spherical mirrors: concave, and convex. These are illustrated in Fig. 68. The most commonly occurring examples of concave mirrors are shaving mirrors and makeup mirrors.
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- A spherical mirror is a mirror that resembles a portion that has been removed from a spherical surface.
- Concave and convex mirrors are two different varieties of spherical mirrors.
Image Formation Using Spherical Mirrors
- When a ray strikes concave or convex mirrors obliquely at its pole, it is reflected obliquely, making the same angle with the principal axis.
- The reflected ray travels through the focus on the principal axis when a ray parallel to the principal axis strikes concave or convex mirrors.
- Concave or convex mirrors will reflect a ray that has passed through focus in a direction parallel to the principal axis.
- After reflection, a beam that passes through the spherical mirror's centre of curvature will retrace its path.
Concave Mirror Image Formation
Different kinds of images may be created by shifting the object's position in the concave mirror. When the item is positioned, various pictures are created:
- At infinity - When an object is positioned at infinity, a real and inverted image is created at the focus. In comparison to the object, the image is substantially smaller in size.
- Beyond the point of curvature - When an object is positioned behind the center of curvature, a real image is created between the center of curvature and focus. In comparison to the object, the image is smaller in size.
- At the center of the curvature - The real image is created at the center of curvature when an object is positioned at the center of curvature. The image is the same size as the object.
- Between the principal focus and the centre of curvature - The real image forms behind the center of curvature when an object is positioned between the center of curvature and the focus. When compared to the size of the object, the image is larger.
- At principal focus - The real image is created at infinity when an object is positioned at focus. When compared to the size of the object, the image is significantly larger.
- Between the pole and principal focus - A virtual and upright image is created when an object is positioned between the focus and the pole. When compared to the size of the object, the image is larger.
Convex Mirror Image Formation
- No matter where the object is in the convex mirror, the image is always virtual and upright.
- A convex mirror creates two different types of images:
- At Infinity - A virtual image is created at the focus when an object is positioned at infinity. In comparison to the object, the image is substantially smaller in size.
- Between Infinity and the Pole - A virtual image forms between the pole and the focus of the convex mirror when an object is positioned at a specific distance from the mirror. In comparison to the object, the image is smaller in size.
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