Role of central government in disaster management in india
Answers
The role of the government in disaster management can be described generally or specifically, and the exact role will vary considerably case-by-case. A good starting point for the general role of government is the State’s sovereign duty to ensure the protection of persons in its territory, or in territory under its jurisdiction or control. This is a customary legal duty, which means it applies to all States irrespective of their histories, policies, available resources, etc. and it applies even if the government claims it doesn’t have any such responsibility. In disaster situations, this duty usually manifests as the government (the ‘face’ of the legal fiction of ‘the State’) having the primary role in the direction, control, coordination and supervision of disaster management activities. In practice, this means the government is in charge of activities such as: gathering information; conducting needs assessments; responding to offers of assistance; regulating the import and export of relief supplies; granting visas to humanitarian personnel; permitting external organisations to rent facilities to support their operations; allowing relief flights to land; funding domestic responses; and so on and so forth. Most governments will engage in those sorts of activities, but the specifics of the government's role will vary - quite significantly sometimes - between different States. To find out exactly what the role is, you have to look to the State’s internal law and policies, as well as any relevant regional and international laws. In some States, the central government is near-solely responsible for management of a disaster on its territory, whereas in others, the central (usually federal) government provides certain types of assistance and general oversight of the state’s activities, especially if it looks like the disaster will affect more than one internal division of the State (state, county, and so on). In the United Kingdom, for example, internal UK law states that the central government is responsible for a wide range of disaster management activities and that it is to allocate responsibility for those different activities across different departments and branches of government (the armed forces, police services, fire and rescue services, local councils, health bodies, and even HM Coroner) as a means of achieving the agreed national framework for managing the local multi-agency response to, and recovery from, emergencies. The central government also offers emergency funding to local authorities through the Bellwin assistance scheme. You can read more about the (complex) role of the UK government in disaster management in the Central Government’s Concept of Operations (here’s an ), or if you want a really good explanation of the various responsibilities of the UK government (primarily under the Civil Contingencies Act 2004), then check out Dillon et al in (good news - it’s on offer at the moment!). Compare that to the role of the government in disaster management in the United States, and we will see a big difference. In the US, there are different roles for the government at the federal and state levels, as determined by federal and state law respectively. When disaster strikes, the affected states are first to start dealing with the effects. The state governor will order a preliminary report on the disaster to collect available information, and will then start to mobilise local responses, which might be provided by state teams or private organisations. If the disaster overwhelms the capacity of the state, then the state governor can request federal assistance, which if approved, will trigger the involvement of the (FEMA). FEMA provides emergency assistance - like food, water, medicine, and shelter - to supplement the state’s resources, and can allocate federal pools of funding where necessary. If a disaster is catastrophic, the President of the United States can declare a state of emergency in a particular state or area, which effectively bypasses the requirement of a state governor’s request for assistance, meaning that the federal government can get involved immediately in the aftermath of a disaster. These are just two examples of many different roles of the government in disaster management. I hope this helps
Explanation:
the Government of India should take precautions for disaster management because it is very destructive for the people where the disaster take place to save the life and property of the people