Role of intestinal or gut microorganisms in human health
Answers
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Answer: https://www.formen.health/blog/gut-brain-connection/
Explanation:
It has been established that there is a connection between the brain (central nervous system) and the gut (enteric nervous system) which is bidirectional and is known as the GUT BRAIN AXIS.
The brain has a direct effect on the stomach and the intestines which are vice versa too. For example, as you start having food by your mouth, the juices in the stomach are produced before the food enters your stomach. Same way if there is any discomfort/pain in the stomach or intestine the signals reach the brain and cause a change in the behavior/mood.
The gut flora consisting of microorganisms are also found to influence the interactions between the gut and the brain in the Gut-Brain Axis, making it important for maintaining a healthy gut flora for healthy digestion, mood, and sleep, which are essential for a healthy life.
How are gut and brain connected in the Gut-Brain Axis?
The Gut-Brain Axis is a bidirectional link between the higher brain that is the central nervous system and the nervous system of the Gut, called the Enteric nervous system. The understanding of the Gut-Brain axis has revolutionized the understanding of gut problems related to mood and health and helps us to treat bowel problems in a better way.
Both these nervous systems talk to each other via multiple mediators like hormones, neurotransmitters, cytokines, chemokines, etc. Due to this connection between the brain and the gut, gut problems can lead to mental disturbances and mental health problems can lead to gut problems.
What happens when you eat something bad?
When you eat something bad your body systems respond as if, you need help to save you from this situation.
Emotional signals from the gut are sent from the enteric system to the higher brain.
Then there will be an immune and stress response in the body involving the Gut-Brain Axis.
Gastrointestinal disturbances occur which are communicated to the brain and the mood is affected leading to behavior changes.
The immune system in the body tries to expel foreign substances or harmful toxins.
The gut bacteria gets affected and bad bacteria start to thrive causing gastrointestinal disturbances.
Is healthy Gut flora/microbiome necessary for gut health?
Intestinal microbes help to maintain bowel health and motility.
Good bacteria decrease gut inflammation and prevent health problems such as constipation, diarrhea, or motility disorders.
They help to reduce functional gastrointestinal disorders like irritable bowel syndrome which have a stress-related or psychiatric component.
The immune response can be restored and immune functions of B and T cells can be improved.
Healthy gut flora is essential to fight against disease, inflammation, stress, and an unhealthy diet.
How are probiotics useful for Gut-Brain Axis disorders?
Probiotics are microorganisms, usually, bacteria are known as good bacteria and are useful to maintain a healthy gut.
Probiotics such as Lactobacilli, Bifidobacterium, Saccharomyces, etc are usually widely used to restore healthy gut flora and reduce bad bacteria.
The probiotic treatment promotes intestinal health and improves behavior problems caused due to stress-related conditions.
Probiotics aid in the absorption of essential nutrients in the body from the intestines.
Probiotics can reduce bloating or gas and help in the proper digestion of food.
Conclusion:
The connection between the gut and the brain is important and has been understood through the GUT BRAIN AXIS. The gut microbiome helps in the bidirectional interactions between the gut and the nervous system.
Ideal gut bacterial flora can lead to the adequate functioning of the bowel which helps keep the mind happy and vice versa.
Probiotics help to maintain healthy gut flora/microbiome, preventing many gut and mood disorders, gastrointestinal infections, and motility disorders.