Role of science and technology in waste management
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Not only can they help alleviate the garbage crisis, optimal waste disposal, and recycling can help towards the production of nutrient-rich manure and renewable energy, helping us move towards an eco-friendly and sustainable society. ... Anaerobic digesters that decompose organic wastes into useful energy.
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Inadequate waste management has made garbage among the topmost crises in urban India. The malaise has spread from tier-1 metros all the way down to the smallest towns, often making our public spaces hotbeds of pollution and infection. Waste contaminates our streets, open areas, and waterways. It chokes our drains and when burnt, pollutes our air. Some estimates state that almost 80% of India’s population suffers from some pollution-related ailment.
The figures are startling: Almost 0.1 million metric tons of solid waste are to be processed by our municipalities daily. Waste generation per capita ranges from 0.2 kg to 0.6 kg. The more distressing numbers are in the processing of this waste—an average of 94% of the waste is dumped in landfills and only about 5% composted.
Technology can play a significant role in improving this situation, by providing efficient, economical and easy-to-implement solutions for the garbage crisis. Given our large population and the enormity of waste that we generate, technological solutions are almost mandatory.
Techniques to Tackle the Problem
Techniques and processes can be applied from the collection point to the disposal point. As the carbon footprints of our cities increase, segregation at source, efficient collection and transportation become the vital first steps. Several countries have created innovative processes to tackle this issue. For example, with a limited amount of land available for landfills, the Japanese have perfected the art of collecting and compacting solid waste.
EXTRA INFORMATION
In Japan, garbage collected in small trucks (that can navigate narrow roads similar to India) is dropped in hoppers in centrally located compactor container transfer stations. The waste is compressed and loaded into larger containers. Waste collected by three two-ton trucks is compressed into one container, which is then transported to a disposal site or further processed for incineration. This process harvests efficiencies in transportation, reduction in fuel consumption and cost reductions.
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Inadequate waste management has made garbage among the topmost crises in urban India. The malaise has spread from tier-1 metros all the way down to the smallest towns, often making our public spaces hotbeds of pollution and infection. Waste contaminates our streets, open areas, and waterways. It chokes our drains and when burnt, pollutes our air. Some estimates state that almost 80% of India’s population suffers from some pollution-related ailment.
The figures are startling: Almost 0.1 million metric tons of solid waste are to be processed by our municipalities daily. Waste generation per capita ranges from 0.2 kg to 0.6 kg. The more distressing numbers are in the processing of this waste—an average of 94% of the waste is dumped in landfills and only about 5% composted.
Technology can play a significant role in improving this situation, by providing efficient, economical and easy-to-implement solutions for the garbage crisis. Given our large population and the enormity of waste that we generate, technological solutions are almost mandatory.
Techniques to Tackle the Problem
Techniques and processes can be applied from the collection point to the disposal point. As the carbon footprints of our cities increase, segregation at source, efficient collection and transportation become the vital first steps. Several countries have created innovative processes to tackle this issue. For example, with a limited amount of land available for landfills, the Japanese have perfected the art of collecting and compacting solid waste.
EXTRA INFORMATION
In Japan, garbage collected in small trucks (that can navigate narrow roads similar to India) is dropped in hoppers in centrally located compactor container transfer stations. The waste is compressed and loaded into larger containers. Waste collected by three two-ton trucks is compressed into one container, which is then transported to a disposal site or further processed for incineration. This process harvests efficiencies in transportation, reduction in fuel consumption and cost reductions.
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