Question

Rolling two independent 6-faced dice, what's the probability that both dice show the same number?

Answer 1

1/6 x 1/6 = 1/36.

The probability of rolling a given number on an unbiased die is 1/6. If you want this event to occur twice, you multiply the probabilities of each one happening together.

So say you want 2 sixes. The probability of rolling a 6 in both cases is 1/6. Since the first roll does not affect the second (independent), the answer is 1/6 x 1/6 = 1/36