Question

ruther ford experiment

Answer 1

The structure of atom was first given by the plum pudding model of J.J. Thomson before the experiment of Ernest Rutherford. The plum  ...

Answer 2

In 1911, Ernest Rutherford performed an experiment to test the plum pudding model. He fired energetic a[He2+] particles at a foil, and measured the deflection of the particles as they came out the other side. From this he could deduce information about the structure of the foil. To understand how this works, imagine shooting a rifle at a mound of loose snow: one expects some bullets to emerge from the opposite side with a slight deflection and a bit of energy loss depending on how regularly the pile is packed. One can deduce something about the internal structure of the mound if we know the difference between the initial (before it hits the pile) and final (after it emerges from the pile) trajectories of the bullet. If the mound were made of loose, powdery snow, the bullets would be deflected very little; if the bullets were deflected wildly, we might guess that there was a brick of hard material inside.

Rutherford expected all of the particles to be deflected just a bit as they passed through the plum pudding. He found that most of the as he shot at the foil were not deflected at all. They passed through the foil and emerged undisturbed. Occasionally, however, particles were scattered at huge angles. While most of the as were undisturbed, a few of them bounced back directly. Imagine if something like this happened at our mound of snow. We shoot bullets at the pile for days, and every round passes straight through, unperturbed then a bullet hits the snow, reflects back, and splinters the guns stock! Rutherfords result lead him to believe that most of the foil was made of empty space, but had extremely small, dense lumps of matter inside. No other model accounted for the occasional wide angle scattering of the a. With this experiment, Rutherford discovered the nucleus