Rutherford experiment
Answers
Rutherford's Gold Foil. ... Rutherford's Gold Foil Experiment proved the existance of a small massive center to atoms, which would later be known as the nucleus of an atom. Ernest Rutherford, Hans Geiger and Ernest Marsden carried out their Gold Foil Experiment to observe the effect of alpha particles on matter
Electrons were chunks of plum distributed through a positively charged sphere of pudding. In 1911, Ernest Rutherford performed an experiment to test the plum pudding model. He fired energetic a [He2+] particles at a foil, and measured the deflection of the particles as they came out the other side.
Answer:
Explanation:
Conclusion of Rutherford's scattering experiment:
Most of the space inside the atom is empty because most of the α-particles passed through the gold foil without getting deflected.
Very few particles were deflected from their path, indicating that the positive charge of the atom occupies very little space.
A very small fraction of α-particles were deflected by very large angles, indicating that all the positive charge and mass of the gold atom were concentrated in a very small volume within the atom.
From the data he also calculated that the radius of the nucleus is about 105 times less than the radius of the atom.
Rutherford's Nuclear Model Of Atom
On the basis of his experiment, Rutherford put forward the model of an atom, which had the following features:
There is a positively charged centre in an atom called the nucleus. Nearly all the mass of an atom resides in the nucleus.
The electrons revolve around the nucleus in well-defined orbits.
The size of the nucleus is very small as compared to the size of the atom.
Rutherford's alpha particle scattering experiment shows the presence of nucleus in the atom.
It also gives the following important information about the nucleus of an atom:
Nucleus of an atom is positively charged.
Nucleus of an atom is very dense and hard.
Nucleus of an atom is very small as compared to the size of the atom as a whole.
Rutherford model of atom is also called Nuclear model of atom.