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A fraction (from Latin fractus, "broken") represents a part of a whole or, more generally, any number of equal parts. When spoken in everyday English, a fraction describes how many parts of a certain size there are, for example, one-half, eight-fifths, three-quarters.
What is Fraction?
Fractions represent equal parts of a whole or a collection.
Fraction of a whole: When we divide a whole into equal parts, each part is a fraction of the whole.
For example,
Fraction of a Whole
Fraction of a Whole
Fraction of a collection: Fractions also represent parts of a set or collection.
For example,
There are total of 5 children.
3 out of 5 are girls. So, the fraction of girls is three-fifths ( 3⁄5 ).
2 out of 5 are boys. So, the fraction of boys is two-fifths ( 2⁄5 ).
Fraction notation
A fraction has two parts. The number on the top of the line is called the numerator. It tells how many equal parts of the whole or collection are taken. The number below the line is called the denominator. It shows the total divisible number of equal parts the whole into or the total number of equal parts which are there in a collection.
Fraction Notation
Fractions on a number line: Fractions can be represented on a number line, as shown below.
Fraction on a number line
For examples,
Fraction on a number line example
Real life examples
The most common examples of fractions from real life are equal slices of pizza, fruit, cake, a bar of chocolate, etc.
Real life example of Fraction
Non-examples
When the parts of the whole are unevenly divided, they don’t form fractions.
Non-example of Fraction
Types of fractions
Unit fractions
Fractions with numerator 1 are called unit fractions.
Unit Fractions
Proper fractions
Fractions in which the numerator is less than the denominator are called proper fractions.
Proper Fraction
Improper fractions
Fractions in which the numerator is more than or equal to the denominator are called improper fractions.
Improper Fractions
Mixed fractions
Mixed fractions consist of a whole number along with a proper fraction.
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