Science differenate between homologous and anologous organ give example
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Homologous organs:
Have the same structural design and developmental origin.
But they have different functions and appearance.
Example: The forelimb of a frog, a man, a lizard and a frog seem to be built from the same basic design of bones, but they perform different functions.
Analogous Organs:
Have different basic structural design and developmental origin.
But they have similar appearance and perform similar functions.
Example: The wings of birds and bats look similar. But in birds wings are covered by feathers all along the arm but the wings of bats are skin folds stretched between elongated fingers.
Homologous :- Homologous organs are the organs which have same origin but different function. e.g. Arms of man, Wings of Bat, and, Flippers of Whale, all have same structure, but perform diff functions So, they are Homologous Analogous are the ones which perform same function but are structurally same. e.g. Wings of Bat and Wings Of Birds, have diff structure but perform same function (of flying) So they are analogous. To remember, Homologous: "Homo" means 'Same' and, "logos" == 'location' So evolved from same location (same origin or structure) are Homologous... and other ...analogous.
In biology, homologous organs are those that arise from the same tissue during the embryonic stage. For example, the quadrate and articular bones are part of the jaw joints of reptiles and birds. The same bones, however, are part of the middle ear of mammals. Mammals have a different jaw joint, consisting of a connection between the dentary and the squamosal bones. The articular has evolved into the malleus in the mammalian middle ear and the quadrate has evolved into the incus in the mammalian middle ear. Therefore the articular is homologous with the malleus and the incus is the homolog of the quadrate even though they no longer look like each other or perform the same function. Analogus organs are those that perform similar functions but have entirely different embryonic origins. An example of an analogous organ would be the arms and legs of tetrapods (amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals) and the "legs" of insects. They look somewhat similar and they both allow an animal to walk, but they are only similar due to similar function. Insect legs contain no internal bones, whereas tetrapod limbs evolved from the fish fins. Insect legs and tetrapod limbs are therefore classified as analogous organs.
Analogous Organ:
1. Organs similar in shape and function but their origin, basic plan and development are dissimilar. Example. Wings of butterfly bird and bat.
2. Such similarities are because of convergent evolution for adaptation to a common condition.
Example: Flying
Homologous Organ:
1. Organs dissimilar in shape, size and function but their origin, basic plan and development are similar. Example: Fore limbs of frog, reptile, birds and mammals.
2. Such differences are due to divergent evolution or adaptation for varied conditions.
Example: Leaping in frog, crawling in reptiles, flying in birds, running and grasping in mammals. CHEERS...
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Gaurav Teharpuria
Homologous organs:
Have the same structural design and developmental origin.
But they have different functions and appearance.
Example: The forelimb of a frog, a man, a lizard and a frog seem to be built from the same basic design of bones, but they perform different functions.
Analogous Organs:
Have different basic structural design and developmental origin.
But they have similar appearance and perform similar functions.
Example: The wings of birds and bats look similar. But in birds wings are covered by feathers all along the arm but the wings of bats are skin folds stretched between elongated fingers.