Question

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why carbon forms such large number of compunds?
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Answer 1

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Carbon gives a multitude of different compounds because its atoms have the ability to bind both between and with many other elements.


There are compounds of carbon and hydrogen, the aliphatic hydrocarbons, in which the carbon atoms are joined by one, two or three bonds forming chains: for example, the bond is simple in ethane (CH3-CH3), double in ethylene (CH2 = CH2) and triple in acetylene (CHΞCH). These three are gases, but when the number of atoms (and therefore the atomic mass) increases, liquids (such as gasolines) and even solids (such as paraffins) appear. In molecules with double and triple bonds there are delocalised electrons that give them a special reactivity.


On the other hand, in aromatic hydrocarbons, carbon atoms associate with each other and with other elements forming cyclic structures containing delocalised electrons. If new elements are introduced, such as oxygen, the diversity increases and we find alcohols, acids, sugars, fats ... And if nitrogen is present, moreover: amines, amino acids, proteins ... all of them can, in turn, give rise to new derivatives .

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Answer 2

carbon form such large number of compounds because of its property of the catenation, this catenation property make bonds with the other types of carbon atoms and form such large number of compounds 

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catenation : - Catenation occurs most readily in carbon.

                         ********      it  forms covalent bonds with other carbon atoms to form longer chains and structures. 


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catenaqtion is the property which is only for the carbon Because carbon is the only element to show catenation. O in ozone is catenated, Se and Te also show catenation .



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= >  Carbon is the most common element that exhibitscatenation.



= > if nitrogen is present, moreover amines, amino acids, proteins  all of them can, in turn, give rise to new derivatives .

=> and the main reason is : -  its atoms have the ability to bind both between and with many other elements.

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