Shore note on Aryana life time in the later Vedic age
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During the later Vedic period, much of the simplicity of the Rig-Veda religion was lost. The hold of the priestly class became more absolute. The priests developed complicated modes of worship. Sacrifices became more common. The rites and rituals became more difficult. Superstitions entered in the name of religion. Fear of evil spirits and witches came in. Philosophical and theological speculations became more complex.
In spite of such developments, the later Vedic sages laid greater emphasis on the faith in the Supreme Being, the Absolute. The concept of the Param Brahma or the Paramatma dominated the man’s mind. The supreme gods like Vishnu or Siva were paid greater devotion.
The later Vedic period produced many religious doctrines to influence the Indian thought forever. The doctrine of Karma or results according to deeds, Maya or illusion, Mukti or the supreme release, Janmantara or the transmigration of souls etc. made deep impact on the Aryan mind. The individual soul or Jiva came from the universal soul or Brahman and could go back to that origin. This was possible through the most correct ways of life and thought. Tat Tvam Asi or That Thou Art- it was the identification of the individual Atman with the universal Atman.
The Supreme goal of life was the Moksha or the liberation when the individual soul was absorbed in the universal soul. Thus, on one side, there developed deep spiritual ideas in the later Vedic age which had no parallel elsewhere in the world. On the other side, deep-rooted superstitions began to dominate the mind of the common man making religious practices mostly meaningless. Amid such developments future Hinduism was beginning to take its shape.
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