Short biography of any one early nationalist leader
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. Spread of English Language:
There was a rapid spread of English education in India especially after the revolt of 1857. The second half of the nineteenth century was a golden age of Liberalism in Europe, particularly England. The study of the political classics of English literature from Milton to Mill planted in the minds of English educated Indians the seeds of liberalism in its two aspects—nationalism and democracy.
Thus with the spread of English education, the educated Indians gradually became politically conscious. The British introduced the English language in India with their own selfish interest in mind. At the beginning, they mainly needed Indian clerks educated in English in order to strengthen their rule in India.
English education also facilitated people of different provinces to come close to one another. Thus, it helped in raising, national feelings and political consciousness among the Indians. The social and religious reformers asked the people of India to look to their glorious past and try to bring back the same. They taught people to have faith in themselves.
The Development of Indian Press and Literature:
The Indian Press and literature both English and vernacular also used national conscious among the people of the country. Newspapers like the “Indian Mirror”, “Bombay Samachar” “The Hindu Patriot”, “The Amrit Bazar Patrika”, “The Hindu”, “The Kesari”, “The Bengalee”, etc., tremendously influenced the people of India and thus, left an indelible mark on the political life of the country. The writings of Din Bandhu Mitra, Hem Chandra Banerjee, Navin Chandra Sen, Bankim Chandra Chaterjee, R.C. Dutta and Rabindra Nath Tagore also affected the minds of the people. The “Anand Math” of Bankim Chandra Chaterjee has rightly been regarded as the “Bible” of modern Bengalee patriotism. Thus, the writings of the patriots and scholars brought about a revolution in the minds of the Indians. It is these revolutionary minds that were responsible for the growth of Indian nationalism.
Economic Exploitation:
The primary objective of the British rule in India was the economic exploitation. They took away raw materials from India and brought here their manufactured goods. The policy of economic exploitation ruined the Indian industries; and the British were taking away the wealth of India to their country.
Their free trade policy proved ruinous for Indian trade and industries. Indian industries failed to compete with those of the British because the British had all the advantages and privileges on their side. Moreover, the British officials working in India had become a drain on the Indian resources.
The economic system of India was molded to the needs of the people of England. Thus, the interests of the Indian people’ were completely ignored. No wonder the relations between the Indians and the Britishers became strained.
There was a rapid spread of English education in India especially after the revolt of 1857. The second half of the nineteenth century was a golden age of Liberalism in Europe, particularly England. The study of the political classics of English literature from Milton to Mill planted in the minds of English educated Indians the seeds of liberalism in its two aspects—nationalism and democracy.
Thus with the spread of English education, the educated Indians gradually became politically conscious. The British introduced the English language in India with their own selfish interest in mind. At the beginning, they mainly needed Indian clerks educated in English in order to strengthen their rule in India.
English education also facilitated people of different provinces to come close to one another. Thus, it helped in raising, national feelings and political consciousness among the Indians. The social and religious reformers asked the people of India to look to their glorious past and try to bring back the same. They taught people to have faith in themselves.
The Development of Indian Press and Literature:
The Indian Press and literature both English and vernacular also used national conscious among the people of the country. Newspapers like the “Indian Mirror”, “Bombay Samachar” “The Hindu Patriot”, “The Amrit Bazar Patrika”, “The Hindu”, “The Kesari”, “The Bengalee”, etc., tremendously influenced the people of India and thus, left an indelible mark on the political life of the country. The writings of Din Bandhu Mitra, Hem Chandra Banerjee, Navin Chandra Sen, Bankim Chandra Chaterjee, R.C. Dutta and Rabindra Nath Tagore also affected the minds of the people. The “Anand Math” of Bankim Chandra Chaterjee has rightly been regarded as the “Bible” of modern Bengalee patriotism. Thus, the writings of the patriots and scholars brought about a revolution in the minds of the Indians. It is these revolutionary minds that were responsible for the growth of Indian nationalism.
Economic Exploitation:
The primary objective of the British rule in India was the economic exploitation. They took away raw materials from India and brought here their manufactured goods. The policy of economic exploitation ruined the Indian industries; and the British were taking away the wealth of India to their country.
Their free trade policy proved ruinous for Indian trade and industries. Indian industries failed to compete with those of the British because the British had all the advantages and privileges on their side. Moreover, the British officials working in India had become a drain on the Indian resources.
The economic system of India was molded to the needs of the people of England. Thus, the interests of the Indian people’ were completely ignored. No wonder the relations between the Indians and the Britishers became strained.
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