Question

Short note important properties of f-block element

Answer 1

All the elements are arranged into the periodic table according to their electronic configurations. The block of elements highlighted in red in the above picture is called the s-block of elements as the valence electrons of these elements are in the s orbital. The block highlighted green is called the p-block of elements. As you might have guessed, the elements of this block have their valence electrons in the p orbital. The block of elements in between these two, which is highlighted in yellow, is called the d-block of elements. The elements of this block have incomplete d orbitals. These are also called the ‘transition’ elements due to their strategic position in between the s-block and the p-block elements. Finally, the two rows of elements at the bottom are called the f-block elements. Let’s discuss in detail about the properties and uses of these elements.

The f-block elements are so called because they have unfilled f orbitals. They are also referred to as the ‘inner transition’ elements as they are sandwiched between the s-block and the d-block elements. They are also sometimes referred to as the rare earth elements. All the f-block elements belong to Group 3. The f-block elements in the first row are called lanthanoids. The f-block elements of the following row are called actinoids. They are named after each of the corresponding d-block elements at the beginning, namely, Lanthanum (La) and Actinium (Ac), due to their similarity in properties. Let us discuss the properties of lanthanoids and actinoids one by one.

Answer 2

properties of f-block elements :-

they can give variable Oxidation State

they can form complexes which are coloured

they are heavy metals in the periodic table .

mostly f-block elements are radioactive which are present in 5f .

they are hard and rigid

they have high melting and boiling point .

their general electronic configuration is :-

$\huge \: \boxed{ {ns}^{2} ( {n - 1)d}^{0 - 1} \: {(n - 2})f^{1 - 14} }$

they are present in between D block elements .

they are known as in transition elements .