Short note on hypokalemia
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Hypokalemia is when blood's potassium levels are too low. Potassium is an important electrolyte for nerve and muscle cell functioning, especially for muscle cells in the heart. Your kidneys control your body's potassium levels, allowing for excess potassium to leave the body through urine or sweat.
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Hypokalemia is when blood's potassium levels are too low. Potassium is an important electrolyte for nerve and muscle cell functioning, especially for muscle cells in the heart. Your kidneys control your body's potassium levels, allowing for excess potassium to leave the body through urine or sweat.
Causes of hypokalemia include vomiting, diarrhea, medications like furosemide and steroids, dialysis, diabetes insipidus, hyperaldosteronism, hypomagnesemia, and not enough intake in the diet. Normal potassium levels are between 3.5 and 5.0 mmol/L (3.5 and 5.0 mEq/L) with levels below 3.5 mmol/L defined as hypokalemia.It is classified as severe when levels are less than 2.5 mmol/L.Low levels may also be suspected based on an electrocardiogram (ECG). Hyperkalemia is a high level of potassium in the blood serum.
The speed at which potassium should be replaced depends on whether or not there are symptoms or abnormalities on an electrocardiogram.Potassium levels that are only slightly below the normal range can be managed with changes in the diet.[3] Lower levels of potassium require replacement with supplements either taken by mouth or given intravenously. If given intravenously, potassium is generally replaced at rates of less than 20 mmol/hour.Solutions containing high concentrations of potassium (>40 mmol/L) should generally be given using a central venous catheter. Magnesium replacement may also be required.
The speed at which potassium should be replaced depends on whether or not there are symptoms or abnormalities on an electrocardiogram.Potassium levels that are only slightly below the normal range can be managed with changes in the diet.[3] Lower levels of potassium require replacement with supplements either taken by mouth or given intravenously. If given intravenously, potassium is generally replaced at rates of less than 20 mmol/hour.Solutions containing high concentrations of potassium (>40 mmol/L) should generally be given using a central venous catheter. Magnesium replacement may also be required.Hypokalemia is one of the most common water–electrolyte imbalances. It affects about 20% of people admitted to hospital. The word "hypokalemia" comes from hypo- meaning "under", kalium meaning “potassium”, and -emia meaning "condition of the blood"