Question

short note on kulaks

Answer 1

Kulaks were the group of comparatively prosperous farmers in the later part of the Russian Empire, and the early Soviet Union. They were the peasants with large farms, several horses and cattle and the ability to employ hired labor.

In the pursuit of communism, the term "Kulak" was broadened in 1918 to include any peasant who opposed handing over their grains

They were viewed as class opponents of the poor peasants

Kulaks and their families were imprisoned and executed en masse, during the 1930s.

The Russian famine  of 1932-33 and food shortages every successive year, were attributed to the liquidation of the Kulak class

Answer 2

In the history of the Russia and Soviet Union, the Kulak was the term given to the affluent peasants. This term represented the wealthy peasants, who owned comparatively large field and a big number of cattle. The Kulak was best characterized by the fact that he was financially capable of employing hired labor and leasing land. Therefore, as they formed a major figure in the communities, they possessed some social and administrative powers.