Short note on “the land revenue policy of the British”
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Permanent Settlement :
It was initiated by Governor General Lord Cornwallis
It was implemented in the provinces of Bengal, Bihar, Orissa, Banaras of UP and North Karnataka
It was implemented in 19% of the British areas
Cornwallis termed zamindars as the real owners of the land
It was started only for a temporary period of 10 years in 1790, however this system was made permanent in 1793
In this system, the zamindars got 1/9th part while gave 8/9th to the government
The condition was that if a zamindar was not able to pay some part, he was deprived of his Zamindari
Ryotwari :
Peasants were the owners of their land
Peasants were directly responsible to give revenue
It was implemented in 51% of the British areas
It was started in 1792 by Col. Read
Thomas Munroe improvised this system in 1820
Major fault in this system was the excessive land tax
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ᴀɴs-:
Land Revenue System Under British. British got Diwani rights of Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa in 1765. The major aim of British East India Company was to increase their land revenue collection. So its policies were aimed at getting maximum income from land without caring about its consequences on cultivators and peasants.