Short note on Zener diode.
Answers
Answer:
A Zener diode is a type of diode that allows current to flow in the conventional manner – from its anode to its cathode i.e. when the anode is positive with respect to the cathode. When the voltage across the terminals is reversed and the potential reaches the Zener voltage (or "knee"), the junction will break down and current will flow in the reverse direction – a desired characteristic. This effect is known as the Zener effect, after Clarence Zener, who first described the phenomenon. Zener diodes are manufactured with a great variety of Zener voltages (Vz) and some are even variable.
Zener diodes have a highly doped p–n junction. A similar break down is observed in general purpose diodes (which might be quite high[quantify]), but the voltage and sharpness of the knee is not clearly defined as in Zener diodes. Normal diodes are not designed to operate in the breakdown region and it can cause permanent failure of the device. Zener diodes are manufactured to operate reliably and quite precisely in this region, recovering fully from the junction breakdown and not being harmed in proper use.
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Explanation:
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Zener diodes are widely used as voltage references and as shunt regulators to regulate the voltage across small circuits. When connected in parallel with a variable voltage source so that it is reverse biased, a Zener diode conducts when the voltage reaches the diode's reverse breakdown voltage.
A Zener diode is a silicon semiconductor device that permits current to flow in either a forward or reverse direction. The diode consists of a special, heavily doped p-n junction, designed to conduct in the reverse direction when a certain specified voltage is reached.
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