short speech on urbanization
Answers
The Bane of Urbanization
Gone are the days when lambs and kids used to frisk and frolic down the verdant
valleys. Gone are the days when the brooks and streams flowed down the slopes
merrily! Where are the green meadows, pastures and terraced fields? Where is
the pure blue sky with cotton-like cirrus flitting merrily high above?
The canker of urbanization has converted the once heaven like planet of ours into
hell. The sylvan beauty, which reigned its every nook and cranny, has been
replaced by factories and mills. The skyline that once was dominated by tall
pines is an ugly sight of stacks spewing toxic fumes!
The clear rills and brooks that were picnic spots have been converted into
drainage channels, carrying effluents to the river, which has become a bigger
channel carrying the muck to the sea! The entire world is losing its beauty and
purity. The mankind, a silent witness to this ugly transformation is waiting
for some angel to come down and do the cleaning, preserving, and pollution
managing! No angel will come for our help. We have created this hell, we
ourselves will have to restore and reclaim its lost purity and beauty!
Answer:
Speech on Urbanisation in India!
Urbanisation is the process by which large number of people becomes permanently concentrated in small areas forming cities. The definition of a city or an urban area changes from time to time and place to place.
The United Nations Organisation has recommended that member countries regard all places with more than 20,000 inhabitants living close together as urban; but, in fact nations compile their statistics on the basis of many different standards. United States, for instance, uses “urban place” to mean any locality where more than 2,500 people live.
Urban Population Increases by:
(1) Natural increase of the urban population;
(2) Migration from rural areas;
(3) Transformation of rural areas into urban areas through;
(a) Upgrading of places into new towns through notifications;
(b) Establishment of new industrial townships;
(c) Growth of urban agglomerations.
The share of urban population, in India, has increased from about 11 per cent in 1911 to about 28 per cent in 2001. The rate of urbanisation has, however, been uneven across the states. The Union Territory of Delhi is the most urbanised with as much as 93.18 per cent of its population living in urban areas.
Goa is the most urbanised among the states with almost one half of its population living in urban areas. The least urbanised state is Himachal Pradesh (9.3 per cent) and the least urbanised Union Territory is Dadra and Nagar Haveli (22.89 per cent).
Urbanisation is considered beneficial because of better opportunity for earning higher incomes, better infrastructure and better awareness and response of people to social issues in general. Urabanisation thereby contributes to modernisation and social change. The birth rate, the death rate, IMR and fertility rates are lower in urban areas than in rural areas.
However, urbanisation is not an unmixed blessing. Shortage of land, the growing gap between the demand and supply of basic facilities and services (e.g. housing, water supply, sanitary services, electricity, roads, public transport, etc.) and finally, massive environmental pollution in cities, adversely affect the quality of urban life.
The total slum population in cities, especially in mega and metro cities have been increasing, 93 million Indians to live in urban slums by the census of 2011. However, it is also a fact that the slum population in cities and towns provide several essential services to the urban populace although the levels of their access to basic services are very poor.