short summary of chapter 3 Concept of Softwares class 9
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17. Name any three high-level languages.
Ans. The following are some common high-level languages:
BASIC: A 3GL that consists of simple sets of instructions and
is easy to learn for a new programmer.
FORTRAN: A 3GL that is specially designed to solve scientific
and mathematical problems.
C++: An object-oriented language evolved from a procedural
language called C.
18. What is system software? Discuss with the help of an
example.
Ans. System software is a set of programs defined to handle the
internal computer operations. The system software contains all
the programs, languages, and documentations that are supplied
by the manufacturer of the computer. Some common examples of
system software are OS (such as Fedora Linux, Windows XP, and
Mac OS) and device drivers (such as sound card driver, and display
driver).
19. List the categories of system software.
Ans. The categories of system software are as follows:
Operating System
Language Processor
Device Drivers
Utility Software
20. Why are utility software called so?
Ans. A utility software is also referred as service program, service
routine, service tool, or utility routine. Utility software are named
so as they help in performing utilities that help a computer to
perform various functions, such as analyzing and configuring data,
optimizing and maintaining resources.
21. Define the following:
a. Backup utility
b. Compression utility
c. Disk defragmenter
d. Antivirus software
Ans.
a. Backup utility: The backup utility software helps to secure
data.
b. Compression utility: The compression utility facilitates
compression of files.
c. Disk defragmenter: Disk defragmentation is a utility program
that tries to minimize the fragmentation on the disk.
d. Antivirus software: Antivirus software protects the computer
from unexpected virus attacks.
22. Name any five application software and explain their
usage.
Ans. The following are the names of five application software:
Word Processing Program: A word processor enables the
users to enter, edit, format, and print text.
Desktop Publishing Software: It allows users to create
documents, such as brochures and magazines.
Browser: A browser is a type of application software that
is used to explore, retrieve, and present the information
available on the World Wide Web (WWW).
Personal Information Manager (PIM): Personal Information
Manager (PIM) helps the user to organize information.
PIMs, such as Outlook, also include calendar, scheduling and
calculator programs.
Database Program: The database program allows the user to
store, sort, and retrieve a large amount of data.
23. Name any four programming languages and also
mention the generation in which they have evolved.
Ans. The following are the names of programming languages:
COBOL: Third generation language
Assembly language: Second generation language
Ramis: Fourth generation language
BASIC: Third generation language
24. What do you mean by fragmentation?
Ans. Fragmentation occurs when files on a disk are deleted and new
files are added. It slows the disk access and degrades the overall
performance of disk operations. The OS fragments a file when it
becomes too large to be stored at a single location on the disk.
The OS splits the file in pieces and stores these pieces at different
locations on the disk. As a result, the fragmented file takes
considerably longer time to be accessed.
25. List some examples of popular antivirus software.
Ans. Some examples of popular antivirus software are as follows:
Norton
McAfee
SmartCOP
Quick Heal
Kaspersky
Avast
26. List the different categories of application software.
Ans. The different categories of application software are as follows:
General Purpose Software: General purpose software is
a category of application software that is designed for
individual users to meet their day-to-day requirements.
Specific Purpose Software: Specific purpose software is a
category of application software that is created to execute
only a specific task.
Customized Software: Customized software refers to
software developed by an in-house development group, a
software firm, or an independent software developer for a
particular group or organization.
27. What is the importance of a database program?
Ans. Database Management System (DBMS) or database program
refers to software that provides important tools to create and
manipulate data in a database. Further, it provides tools to list
down the subsets of data that meet defined criteria. The database
program allows the user to store, sort, and retrieve a large amount
of data. It also allows the user to add new information, search
Ans. The following are some common high-level languages:
BASIC: A 3GL that consists of simple sets of instructions and
is easy to learn for a new programmer.
FORTRAN: A 3GL that is specially designed to solve scientific
and mathematical problems.
C++: An object-oriented language evolved from a procedural
language called C.
18. What is system software? Discuss with the help of an
example.
Ans. System software is a set of programs defined to handle the
internal computer operations. The system software contains all
the programs, languages, and documentations that are supplied
by the manufacturer of the computer. Some common examples of
system software are OS (such as Fedora Linux, Windows XP, and
Mac OS) and device drivers (such as sound card driver, and display
driver).
19. List the categories of system software.
Ans. The categories of system software are as follows:
Operating System
Language Processor
Device Drivers
Utility Software
20. Why are utility software called so?
Ans. A utility software is also referred as service program, service
routine, service tool, or utility routine. Utility software are named
so as they help in performing utilities that help a computer to
perform various functions, such as analyzing and configuring data,
optimizing and maintaining resources.
21. Define the following:
a. Backup utility
b. Compression utility
c. Disk defragmenter
d. Antivirus software
Ans.
a. Backup utility: The backup utility software helps to secure
data.
b. Compression utility: The compression utility facilitates
compression of files.
c. Disk defragmenter: Disk defragmentation is a utility program
that tries to minimize the fragmentation on the disk.
d. Antivirus software: Antivirus software protects the computer
from unexpected virus attacks.
22. Name any five application software and explain their
usage.
Ans. The following are the names of five application software:
Word Processing Program: A word processor enables the
users to enter, edit, format, and print text.
Desktop Publishing Software: It allows users to create
documents, such as brochures and magazines.
Browser: A browser is a type of application software that
is used to explore, retrieve, and present the information
available on the World Wide Web (WWW).
Personal Information Manager (PIM): Personal Information
Manager (PIM) helps the user to organize information.
PIMs, such as Outlook, also include calendar, scheduling and
calculator programs.
Database Program: The database program allows the user to
store, sort, and retrieve a large amount of data.
23. Name any four programming languages and also
mention the generation in which they have evolved.
Ans. The following are the names of programming languages:
COBOL: Third generation language
Assembly language: Second generation language
Ramis: Fourth generation language
BASIC: Third generation language
24. What do you mean by fragmentation?
Ans. Fragmentation occurs when files on a disk are deleted and new
files are added. It slows the disk access and degrades the overall
performance of disk operations. The OS fragments a file when it
becomes too large to be stored at a single location on the disk.
The OS splits the file in pieces and stores these pieces at different
locations on the disk. As a result, the fragmented file takes
considerably longer time to be accessed.
25. List some examples of popular antivirus software.
Ans. Some examples of popular antivirus software are as follows:
Norton
McAfee
SmartCOP
Quick Heal
Kaspersky
Avast
26. List the different categories of application software.
Ans. The different categories of application software are as follows:
General Purpose Software: General purpose software is
a category of application software that is designed for
individual users to meet their day-to-day requirements.
Specific Purpose Software: Specific purpose software is a
category of application software that is created to execute
only a specific task.
Customized Software: Customized software refers to
software developed by an in-house development group, a
software firm, or an independent software developer for a
particular group or organization.
27. What is the importance of a database program?
Ans. Database Management System (DBMS) or database program
refers to software that provides important tools to create and
manipulate data in a database. Further, it provides tools to list
down the subsets of data that meet defined criteria. The database
program allows the user to store, sort, and retrieve a large amount
of data. It also allows the user to add new information, search
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